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【目的】本研究旨在明确莱氏猛叩甲Tetrigus lewisi老熟幼虫分别对黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor和松墨天牛Monochamus alternatus末龄幼虫和蛹的捕食量的差异,评估莱氏猛叩甲的捕食能力,为松墨天牛M.alteratus的有效治理找到潜在的高效生物防治因子。【方法】于2014年11月在浙江富阳昌东村马鞍山砍下松墨天牛虫害木,通过林间野外调查,明确松墨天牛和莱氏猛叩甲的发生情况;将野外采集到的莱氏猛叩甲幼虫带回室内,分别饲喂黄粉虫和松墨天牛的末龄幼虫和蛹,每天记录捕食量,确定莱氏猛叩甲的捕食能力。【结果】野外调查中,我们在松墨天牛幼虫蛀食的坑道中发现了莱氏猛叩甲幼虫和松墨天牛幼虫被取食后的残体;在采集到1 094头松墨天牛幼虫的危害木内,共采得莱氏猛叩甲末龄幼虫36头,约为松墨天牛幼虫数量的3%。室内捕食实验表明,5 d内莱氏猛叩甲捕食黄粉虫幼虫总量为3.2头,平均每天捕食约0.6头,而捕食松墨天牛幼虫总量为8.0头,平均每天捕食约1.6头,莱氏猛叩甲对松墨天牛的总捕食量显著高于对黄粉虫幼虫的总捕食量(P<0.0001);4 d内莱氏猛叩甲捕食黄粉虫蛹总量为5.6头,平均每天捕食约1.4头,而捕食松墨天牛蛹总量为7.8头,平均每天捕食约2.0头,莱氏猛叩甲对松墨天牛蛹的捕食量显著高于黄粉虫蛹(P=0.028)。回归分析还表明,莱氏猛叩甲幼虫的捕食量不受叩甲个体大小的影响。【结论】莱氏猛叩甲普遍分布在松墨天牛发生区,同时发现松墨天牛被取食后的残体,表明莱氏猛叩甲是松墨天牛的捕食性天敌。莱氏猛叩甲均能捕食黄粉虫和松墨天牛的幼虫和蛹;相比于捕食黄粉虫,莱氏猛叩甲对松墨天牛的幼虫和蛹具有更好的捕食效率,具有很好的生物防治前景,是未来松墨天牛治理潜在高效生物防治因子。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to determine the predation rates of prey Larvae Tenebrio molitor and Monochamus alternatus larvae and pupae of Teremurus lewisi mature larvae, Ability to find a potential efficient biocontrol factor for the effective management of Monochamus alternatus M.alteratus. 【Method】 In November 2014, the parasitic wood of Pinus sylvestris was cut off in Ma’anshan, Changdong Village, Fuyang, Zhejiang Province. Through the field investigation, the occurrences of Monochamus alternatus and Leishmania were clarified. The larvae were knocked back indoors and were fed on the larvae and pupae of the last instar and the third instar larvae of Monochamus alternatus respectively, and the predation quantity was recorded daily to determine the predation ability of Leishmania. 【Result】 In the field survey, we found that the larvae of M. japonicum and M. japonicum larvae were eaten in the tunnels eaten by larvae of Monochamus alternatus. After collecting 1 094 loose ink days Harm of cattle larvae, a total of Leishmaniae knocked on the end of the age larvae 36, about 3% of Monochamus alternatus larvae. The indoor predation experiment showed that within 5 days, the total larvae of Larvae invaded to invade Tenebrio molitor larvae at a rate of 3.2 heads, with an average of about 0.6 heads per day. The total larva of Monochamus alternatus was 8.0 heads, The total food intake of Monochamus alternatus against Monochamus alternatus was significantly higher than that on the larvae of Tenebrio molitor (P <0.0001) About 1.4 heads were predated each day, while the total number of pupae preyed on Monochamus alternatus was 7.8, and the average daily prey was about 2.0. The predation amount of Leymus chinensis on pupae of Monochamus alternatus was significantly higher than that of Tenebrio molitor (P = 0.028 ). Regression analysis also showed that the predation amount of M. japonicus larvae was not influenced by the size of the individual. 【Conclusion】 Leymus chinensis is widely distributed in the occurrence area of Monochamus alternatus, and the remains of Monochamus alternatus were found after feeding, indicating that Leymus chinensis is predatory natural enemies. Leishmania plicata could prey on the larvae and pupae of both T. molitor and P. monoscillae. Compared with the predation of T. molitor, P. griseus had better predation efficiency on larvae and pupae of Monochamus alternatus, Good prospects for biological control, is the future Monochamus alternatus management of potentially efficient biological control factors.