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目的调查分析和评估云南省2012～2016年婴幼儿食品和即食食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况。方法本研究的样品包括2012年到2016年采集自云南省16个地州的1014份婴幼儿食品和3361份即食食品。按照GB 4789.14-2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验蜡样芽胞杆菌检验》第一法平板计数法进行检验,并用国际上现有的限量标准进行评估分析。结果婴幼儿食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌的平均检出率分别为18.1%(2012)、5.5%(2013)、18.2%(2014)、2.5%(2016),超标产品的比例分别为1.1%(2012)、1.9%(2013)、1.7%(2014)。即食食品的平均检出率分别为7.6%(2012)、1.3%(2013)、13.9%(2014)、6.5%(2015)、10.1%(2016)。结论建议对婴幼儿食品中的蜡样芽胞杆菌以10~2 CFU/g为临界值进行污染评估、对普通即食食品针对儿童与成人分别以10~3～10~5 CFU/g和大于10~5 CFU/g 2个值作为临界值进行评估。
Objective To investigate and evaluate the contamination status of Bacillus cereus in infant food and ready-to-eat foods from 2012 to 2016 in Yunnan province. Methods The samples of this study included 1,014 infants and young children’s food and 3,361 ready-to-eat foods collected from 16 prefectures in Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2016. In accordance with GB 4789.14-2014 “National Food Safety Standard Microbiological Bacillus cereus test” the first method plate count test, and with the existing international standards for the assessment of the assessment. Results The average detection rates of Bacillus cereus in infants and young children were 18.1% (2012), 5.5% (2013), 18.2% (2014) and 2.5% (2016), respectively. The proportion of over-standard products was 1.1% ), 1.9% (2013), 1.7% (2014). The average detection rates of ready-to-eat foods were 7.6% (2012), 1.3% (2013), 13.9% (2014), 6.5% (2015) and 10.1% (2016) respectively. Conclusion It is recommended to evaluate the contamination of Bacillus cereus in infants and young children at a critical value of 10 ~ 2 CFU / g. For normal children and adults, the standard is about 10 ~ 3 ~ 10 ~ 5 CFU / g and more than 10 ~ 5 CFU / g 2 values were evaluated as a cut-off value.