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以旱稻品种IRAT109与水稻品种越富杂交构建的DH群体的116个株系及其亲本为材料,在水、旱2种栽培条件下种植,研究了稻米蒸煮和营养品质性状的变化规律,在水、旱2个土壤水分环境下对直链淀粉含量(AC)、胶稠度(GC)、碱消值(GT)和蛋白质含量(PC)4个蒸煮和营养品质性状进行QTL定位及QTLs与环境互作分析。结果表明,以上4个品质性状在水、旱2种不同栽培条件下差异较大,说明这些性状受水分条件影响较大,旱栽条件下稻米蒸煮和营养各品质性状均有不同程度的升高,其中蛋白质含量平均提高37.9%。QTL分析结果表明,4个稻米品质性状在2个环境中的表现型值都为连续分布,均存在超亲遗传类型,共检测到7个加性效应QTL与稻米蒸煮和营养品质性状4项指标有关,分别位于第1、2、3、6、8、11染色体上,单个QTLs对性状的贡献率在1.91%～19.77%之间。位于第3染色体上控制碱消值的QGt3,第6染色体上控制直链淀粉含量的QAc6,在2个不同土壤水分条件下均与环境存在显著互作,对环境互作的贡献率分别为8.99%和47.86%。控制直链淀粉含量的2对上位性QTLs与土壤水分环境显著互作,贡献率较大,分别为32.54%和11.82%。并筛选到5个主效QTL(QGt6b、QGt8、QGt11、QGc1和QPc2)在抗旱育种中可用于蒸煮和营养各品质性状MAS改良。
The 116 lines and their parents of DH population, which were crossed with the more inbred rice varieties IRAT109 and their parents, were planted under water and drought conditions. The changes of rice cooking and nutritional quality traits were studied. QTLs and QTLs were compared among four cooking and nutrition quality traits including amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC), alkali value (GT) and protein content (PC) do analysis. The results showed that the above four quality traits differed greatly in two different cultivation conditions of water and drought, indicating that these traits were greatly affected by the water conditions, and the quality traits of cooking and nutrition in rice were all increased to some extent under the conditions of dry cultivation , Of which the protein content increased by an average of 37.9%. The results of QTL analysis showed that the phenotypic values of four rice quality traits were continuously distributed in two environments, all of which had super-parental genetic types. Seven additive-effect QTLs and four indicators of rice cooking and nutritional quality traits were detected Respectively, located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 11, and the contribution rate of single QTLs to traits ranged from 1.91% to 19.77%. QGt3, which controls alkalinity on chromosome 3, and QAc6, which controls amylose content on chromosome 6, both showed significant interactions with the environment under two different soil moisture conditions, and their contribution rates to environmental interactions were respectively 8.99 % And 47.86%. Two pairs of epistatic QTLs controlling amylose content interacted significantly with soil moisture, accounting for 32.54% and 11.82%, respectively. Five major QTLs (QGt6b, QGt8, QGt11, QGc1 and QPc2) were screened and used in drought resistance breeding to improve the quality of cooking and nutrition MAS.