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目的:分别对新鲜江蓠及其浸提后残渣进行琼胶提取,通过比较,确定琼胶的制备方法。方法:琼胶提取采用高温稀碱法。通过碱处理、漂白常压提胶、冻结、脱水和干燥过程系统地研究琼胶提取的工艺条件。结果:实验数据表明,受到甲醇的影响,湿品的得胶率约为5.5%,比新鲜江蓠的提胶率8.5%要低。另外,色素几乎被全部浸出,因此,只需漂白1次,甚至省略漂白步骤。结论:提胶的最佳碱处理条件是6%NaOH、温度80℃、处理1 h。漂白的条件是先用0.1%的次氯酸钠溶液中处理10 min,然后用0.14%的草酸溶液处理5 min,最后,水洗至中性。
OBJECTIVE: To extract agar extracts of fresh Gracilaria and its residue after extraction respectively, and to determine the preparation method of agar by comparison. Methods: agar extract using high-temperature dilute alkali method. The conditions of agar extraction were studied systematically through alkali treatment, bleaching and pressure extraction, freezing, dehydration and drying. Results: The experimental data showed that the yield of wet products was about 5.5% due to the influence of methanol, which was lower than that of 8.5% of the fresh water extract. In addition, the pigment is almost completely leached, therefore, it is only necessary to bleach once, and even the bleaching step is omitted. Conclusion: The best alkaline treatment conditions are 6% NaOH, temperature 80 ℃, treatment 1 h. The bleaching conditions were first treated with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min, then with 0.14% oxalic acid solution for 5 min, and finally, washed with water until neutral.