论文部分内容阅读
“交叉灌流”是经典的生理实验模式之一,但此法仅适用于急性实验。自从一百多年前Paul-Bert(1860)用手术方法将两只大白鼠成功地联合一起,为慢性实验提供了理想的模型。其后,经 Sauerbruch,Heyda,Hill,Bunster 和 Meyer 以及近年的 Grüninger 等不断改进,使手术方法益臻完善。此种实验模式定名为联体动物(parabiosis)。目前用于联体的动物有大白鼠、小白鼠、豚鼠、家兔、鸟类、犬等;在杀虫剂研究中,还有用红猎蝽、果蝇等昆虫纲动物制成的联体。联体动物在内分泌学、免疫学、遗传学、肿瘤学、老年学、放射医学、以及肝性昏迷等临床医学中都已得到广泛应用。可以说,联体动物是研究体液机理的一个比较简单、有效而且接近自然状态的实验模式。我们曾用这个实验模式探讨肾脏代偿性生长的体液调节。
“Cross-perfusion” is one of the classic physiological experimental modes, but this method is only suitable for acute experiments. Paul-Bert (1860) successfully combined the two rats together more than 100 years ago, providing the ideal model for chronic experimentation. Since then, the continuous improvement of the surgical methods by Sauerbruch, Heyda, Hill, Bunster and Meyer, as well as recent Grüninger et al. This experimental mode is named parabiosis. At present, the animals used for the conjoining are rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, birds, dogs and the like; in the research of insecticides, there are associated bodies made of insects such as red bugs and fruit flies. Associated animals have been widely used in clinical medicine such as endocrinology, immunology, genetics, oncology, gerontology, radiology, and hepatic coma. It can be said that the conjoined animal is a relatively simple, effective and nearly experimental mode of studying the body fluid mechanism. We used this experimental mode to investigate humoral regulation of compensatory growth of the kidney.