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目的:探讨急诊内科应用抗生素的临床合理性和耐药性。方法:回顾2015年6月至2016年5月我院急诊内科收治的使用抗生素治疗的患者处方300份,观察计算每种抗生素的使用率和产生耐药性的结果。结果:经统计计算,急诊内科单用抗生素率显著高于二联和三联(72.67%vs20.0%vs7.33%),头孢类抗生素使用率显著高于大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和青霉素类(32.67%vs24.33%vs22.67%vs20.33%),青霉素类产生的耐药性显著高于其他三类抗生素(82.25%vs62.24%vs26.02%vs25.0%),P<0.05,有统计学意义。结论:在急诊内科预防性的应用抗生素不可避免,但在使用的过程中注意通过单用抗生素等方法最大程度的避免治疗给患者带来的各种不良反应。
Objective: To investigate the clinical rationality and drug resistance of antibiotics in emergency medicine. Methods: From June 2015 to May 2016, 300 cases of patients receiving antibiotics admitted to our emergency department were enrolled. The antibiotic usage and drug resistance were calculated. Results: The statistics of single-use antibiotics in emergency department were significantly higher than those in two-and three-quarters (72.67% vs20.0% vs7.33%), and the rates of cephalosporins were significantly higher than those of macrolides, quinolones and penicillins (32.67% vs24.33% vs22.67% vs20.33%). The antibiotic resistance of penicillins was significantly higher than that of the other three antibiotics (82.25% vs62.24% vs26.02% vs25.0%), P <0.05, with statistical significance. Conclusion: It is unavoidable to use prophylactic antibiotics in the emergency department. However, we should pay attention to avoid all kinds of adverse reactions to patients to the greatest extent by using antibiotics alone.