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目的观察不同疾病阶段HIV感染者的CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数与病毒载量的变化及其临床意义。方法分别应用流式细胞仪和NASBA方法检测健康人群56例、52例HIV无症状者、70例HIV有相关症状者和77例艾滋病病人的CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量。结果艾滋病组、HIV有相关症状组和HIV无症状组的CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数分别为(80.04±69.41)个/μl、(275.50±43.29)个/μl和(534.85±228.70)个/μl,与正常对照组(694.30±185.09)个/μl比较,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000)。另外,3组HIV感染者之间差异也有统计学意义(P=0.000);艾滋病组、HIV有相关症状组和HIV无症状组的病毒载量分别为(5.02±0.75)log/ml、(4.37±0.83)log/ml和(4.07±0.83)log/ml,3组之间差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论随着疾病的进展,CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数呈下降趋势,而病毒载量呈上升趋势,两者呈负相关。因此,CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量的变化可为HIV感染者的的疾病进展、治疗效果及判断预后提供依据。
Objective To observe the changes of CD_4 ~ + T lymphocyte count and viral load in HIV-infected patients with different disease stages and their clinical significance. Methods Flow cytometry and NASBA were used to detect CD_4 ~ + T lymphocyte count and viral load in 56 healthy subjects, 52 asymptomatic HIV patients, 70 HIV-related symptoms and 77 AIDS patients. Results The counts of CD_4 ~ + T lymphocytes in AIDS group, HIV-related symptoms group and HIV asymptomatic group were (80.04 ± 69.41) / μl, (275.5 ± 54.29) / μl and (534.85 ± 228.70) / μl , Compared with the normal control group (694.30 ± 185.09) / μl, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.000). In addition, the viral load of AIDS-related group, HIV-related symptoms group and HIV asymptomatic group were (5.02 ± 0.75) log / ml, (4.37 ± 0.83) log / ml and (4.07 ± 0.83) log / ml, respectively. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P = 0.000). Conclusion With the progress of the disease, the counts of CD_4 ~ + T cells showed a decreasing trend, but the viral load showed an upward trend, which was negatively correlated. Therefore, the change of CD_4 ~ + T lymphocyte count and viral load may provide basis for disease progression, therapeutic effect and prognosis of HIV-infected patients.