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利用航测技术测绘大比例尺工点图和横断面图,是铁路勘测设计部门重点研究的关键技术问题之一,其主要难点在于采用小比例尺航摄,精度达不到要求;采用大比例尺航摄,航摄费用过高。本文作者利用GPS全球定位技术使航测外业控测精度由分米级达到厘米级;航测内业采用数字摄影测量工作站,全面开展数字测图,精度得到了提高。在理论分析和精度估算后,选定合适的航摄比例尺,采用一些技术措施,结合郑西客运专线勘测设计试验证明,用航测方法测绘工点地形图和横断面图的精度满足铁路勘测设计的要求,并总结出一套作业方法和要求。数字化产品也为设计阶段进行计算机辅助设计创造了条件。
It is one of the key technical problems that the railway survey and design department focuses on using aeronautics and astronautics to survey large-scale worksite and cross-section maps. The main difficulty lies in using aerial photographing with small-scale and the accuracy can not meet the requirements. Using large-scale aerial photography, Aerial photography costs too high. In this paper, the authors use GPS global positioning technology to make the precision of aerial survey and field control centimeter-class from decimeter level to the centimeter level. Digital aerial photography measurement workstations are used in aerial survey industry to carry out digital mapping in an all-round way, and the accuracy is improved. After theoretical analysis and precision estimation, the appropriate scale of aerial photographing is selected and some technical measures are taken. Combined with the survey and design test of Zhengzhou-Xi’an Passenger Dedicated Line, the accuracy of topographic maps and cross-sectional maps of aeronautical engineering survey and mapping stations is satisfied by the accuracy of the survey and design of the railway survey and design Requirements, and summed up a set of operating methods and requirements. Digital products also create the conditions for computer-aided design in the design phase.