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[目的]研究白肋烟套种大白菜对烟菜病害和土壤肥力的影响,以便确定白肋烟与大白菜套作最佳栽培模式。[方法]调查套作栽培对白肋烟和大白菜病害的影响,对白肋烟农艺性状、产量、质量的影响,对白肋烟土壤养分的影响。[结果]调查发现,白肋烟与大白菜套作大白菜病毒病比单作田块发病较重,而软腐病霜霉病较轻,白肋烟病毒病发生比单作田块偏重,但是影响不大;试验发现,大白菜与白肋烟套作时白肋烟不同氮肥用量对白肋烟农艺性状没有影响,对产量和产值也没有明显影响,烟叶化学成分变化不大;土壤取样分析发现,大白菜套作白肋烟对土壤pH值没有影响或者影响很小,对有机质、碱解氮、速效磷含量有减少的趋势,对土壤速效钾含量没有影响。[结论]该研究为确定白肋烟与大白菜套作最佳栽培模式以及协调2个产业发展之间的矛盾提供了数据支持。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of burley tobacco intercropping cabbage on tobacco diseases and soil fertility in order to determine the best cultivation mode for burley and Chinese cabbage intercropping. [Method] The effects of intercropping cultivation on the diseases of burley and Chinese cabbage were studied. The effects on the agronomic characters, yield and quality of burley tobacco and the soil nutrients of burley tobacco were investigated. [Result] The results showed that the disease incidence of burley and Chinese cabbage cabbage was heavier than that of monoculture, while the susceptibility to downy mildew of soft rot and burley tobacco was more serious than that of monoculture alone. However, The results showed that the different amount of nitrogen fertilizer of burley tobacco had no effect on the agronomic characters of burley tobacco while the yield and output value had no obvious effect on the chemical composition of tobacco leaves. The cabbage intercroping with burley tobacco had no or little effect on the pH value of the soil, decreased the content of organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus, but had no effect on the content of available potassium in the soil. [Conclusion] The research provided data support for determining the optimal cultivation mode of burley tobacco and Chinese cabbage intercropping and coordinating the contradiction between the two industries.