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目的分析2004-2015年北京市伤寒、副伤寒病例的流行病学特征,为调整本市防控措施提供依据。方法统计“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中2004-2015年北京市伤寒、副伤寒病例数据,分析其流行概况、人群分布、时间和地区分布。结果 2004-2015年伤寒、副伤寒呈散发状态,无明显上升和下降趋势。男女病例性别比为1.29∶1,20岁~和30岁~年龄组发病人数较多,共占总病例数的47.24%。公务人员及职员发病数最多,占病总数的22.05%。2004-2015年伤寒、副伤寒报告病例数中,城六区报告的总病例数占全市总病例数的74.02%(188/254)。报告病例最多的为朝阳区,占发病总数的18.11%(46/254)。夏秋季7-10月份为北京市伤寒、副伤寒病例的发病高峰。结论2004-2015年北京市伤寒、副伤寒呈散发状态,高危人群为公务人员及职员,应针对性采取综合措施,进一步降低伤寒、副伤寒的发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever cases in Beijing from 2004 to 2015 and provide basis for adjusting prevention and control measures in this city. Methods Statistical data of cases of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Beijing from 2004 to 2015 in China Disease Prevention and Control Information System were analyzed and their prevalence, population distribution, time and geographical distribution were analyzed. Results From 2004 to 2015, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever showed no signs of ascent and descent. Sex ratio of male to female cases was 1.29:1,20 and ~ 30-year-old age group, the incidence of more, a total number of 47.24% of the total number of cases. The highest incidence of public servants and staff, accounting for 22.05% of the total number of cases. Among the reported cases of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in 2004-2015, the total number of cases reported in the six districts of the city accounted for 74.02% (188/254) of the total number of cases in the city. The most reported cases were Chaoyang District, accounting for 18.11% of the total (46/254). Summer and autumn 7-October for the typhoid fever in Beijing, the incidence of paratyphoid cases. Conclusion From 2004 to 2015, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever were found in Beijing. High-risk groups were public servants and staff. Comprehensive measures should be taken to further reduce the incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever.