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定语后置是古代汉语中一种常见的句式,有它自身的特点和规律。定语的作用,在于通过对中心词的修饰和限制,来缩小其外延,扩大其内涵,以显示中心词所表事物的特殊性,或区别于其它事物的类属来。所以,句子陈述的对象虽是中心词,而表述却侧重在显示其特殊性或类属的定语上,定语的这种性质和作用不是由偏正关系的位置先后,而是由它和中心词之间的事理关系来决定的。这种事理关系在语言结构上表现为偏正关系。在古汉语中一般是按定语在前,中心词在后的序列组成前偏后正的结构,然而有时出于表达上的某种需要,即为了进一步强调突出中心词所表事物的特殊性或为了使有长定语的句子简洁流畅,定语常被移置到中心词之后,这就是定语后置。
The postposition of the attributive is a common sentence pattern in ancient Chinese, with its own characteristics and laws. The function of the attributive lies in narrowing its extension and expanding its connotation through the modification and limitation of the central words, so as to show the particularity of the things represented by the central words, or to distinguish them from the generics of other things. Therefore, although the object of the sentence statement is the central word, and the expression focuses on the display of its particularity or generic attribute, the attribute and role of the attribute do not follow from the position of the positive relationship, but rather it and the central word. The relationship between the affair is decided. This kind of affair relationship shows a positive relationship in language structure. In ancient Chinese, it is generally preceded by attributives, and the sequence of the central words constitutes an anterior-posterior structure. However, sometimes it is due to some need in expression, that is, in order to further emphasize the particularity of the objects represented by the central words. In order to make sentences with long attributives concise and smooth, attributives are often shifted to the head words. This is the postposition of the attributive.