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分析总结了开发农田蒸发水的可行性、可能性,调查了降雨量、蒸发水对旱区作物产量的影响及试验研究,提出了“留茬免耕秸秆全程覆盖”耕作新技术。在我们试验条件下,“留茬免耕秸秆全程覆盖”技术较传统耕作技术,小麦增产56.4%,玉米增产87%,夏闲期土壤含水量增加4.4%。多年试验、示范结果表明:“留茬免耕秸秆全程覆盖”是减少农田蒸发水、解决旱地农田干旱、增产增收、保护生态、培肥地力、投资少、易操作的一项先进实用技术。
The feasibility and possibility of developing evapotranspiration in farmlands were analyzed and summarized. The effects of rainfall and evapotranspiration on the crop yields in arid areas were investigated and experimental studies were carried out. A new cultivation technology of “stubble-free tillage with straw covering the whole process” was put forward. Under our experimental conditions, the technology of “stubble tillage straw covering the whole process” is more traditional tillage technology, wheat yield increased 56.4%, corn yield 87%, summer soil moisture content increased 4.4%. After years of experiments, the demonstration results show that “stubble tillage and straw mulching throughout the whole process” is an advanced and practical technology to reduce evapotranspiration of farmland, solve the problems of arid farmlands with drought, increase production, increase income, protect ecology and fertility, reduce investment, and be easy to operate.