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为了定量研究太湖地区农田土壤中速效磷的变化情况,本文对不同季节太湖地区三种典型水稻土(白土、黄泥土和乌栅土)中土壤速效磷的含量进行了分析。结果表明:速效磷含量在土壤剖面中由上层到下层呈现逐渐递减的趋势。三种土壤均以耕层含量为最高,在45cm以下基本上趋于稳定,但在接近地下水时又略有上升。季节性变化方面,速效磷含量一般在2月份的小麦分蘖-拔节期和9月份的水稻齐穗期较高。影响土壤速效磷含量的因素很多,经分析:土壤速效磷的含量与土壤的有机质含量呈极显著的线性正相关关系;旱作条件下与全磷含量之间呈显著的幂函数相关关系,在水作条件下与全磷含量之间呈极显著的线性正相关关系;与土壤的pH又有显著的线性负相关关系。
In order to quantitatively study the changes of available phosphorus in farmland soil in Taihu Lake area, the content of available phosphorus in soil of three typical paddy soils in different seasons (clay, yellow soil and black soil) was analyzed. The results showed that the content of available P decreased gradually from the upper layer to the lower layer in the soil profile. The topsoil content of all three soils was the highest, basically stable below 45cm, but rose slightly when approaching groundwater. Seasonal changes in the available phosphorus content is generally in February wheat tillering - jointing and September in the high heading date of rice. There are many factors influencing available phosphorus in soil. Through analysis, there is a significant linear positive correlation between available phosphorus in soil and organic matter in soil. Under dry cultivation, there is a significant power function relationship between total phosphorus and total phosphorus. There was a significant linear positive correlation between total phosphorus and water under the condition of water. There was also a significant linear negative correlation between pH and soil pH.