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［目的］ 探讨空气污染对居民健康的影响。［方法］ １９８３～１９９７ 年对承德市居民肺功能和呼吸系统疾病患病率进行现况和前瞻性研究，应用个体接触量评价污染负荷。结合毒理学实验探讨空气污染的健康影响。通过死亡分析和卫生经济效益评估， 论证了集中供热和改善环境带来的各方面效益。［结果］ 集中供热后承德市空气质量明显改善， 呼吸系统疾病死亡率从１９８５ 年的８１．０７／１０万降至１９９７年的２３．７２／１０万， 人均寿命提高２．３岁。年综合经济效益５ ４０８．４ 万元。［结论］ 燃煤可造成明显的健康危害， 集中供热对治理空气污染、节约能源和促进健康可产生明显的经济效益
[Objective] To investigate the impact of air pollution on residents’ health. [Methods] From 1983 to 1997, the prevalence and prevalence of lung function and respiratory diseases in residents of Chengde City were investigated. Prospective study was conducted to evaluate the pollution load by individual exposure. Combining toxicology experiments to explore the health effects of air pollution. Through the analysis of death and the evaluation of economic benefits of health, the benefits of district heating and environmental improvement are demonstrated. [Result] The air quality of Chengde City was significantly improved after central heating. The mortality rate of respiratory diseases was reduced from 81.07 / 100000 in 1985 to 23.72 / 100000 in 1997, and the average life expectancy increased by 2.3 years. The annual comprehensive economic benefit is 5,408,400 yuan. [Conclusion] Coal burning can cause obvious health hazards. Centralized heating can produce obvious economic benefits for air pollution control, energy conservation and health promotion