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在中国大肠癌的发病率在消化道肿瘤中占第二位。目前,大肠癌的发生发展机制仍未清楚,从分子水平上揭示基因变化,以阐明大肠癌的发病机制是大肠癌的研究重点。RAS基因是普遍存在的真核基因家族,在哺乳动物、鸟类、软体动物、植物、真菌和酵母中都已被确认。序列分析结果揭示,RAS基因和它们的表达产物高度保守,这就意味着它们在细胞增殖和分化过程中起重要作用。K-ras基因突变是最常见的大肠癌相关基因改变之一,本文着重介绍人类大肠癌中的RAS基因家族的突变。
The incidence of colorectal cancer in China accounted for the second place in gastrointestinal cancer. At present, the mechanism of occurrence and development of colorectal cancer remains unclear. It is important to study the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer to reveal the gene changes at the molecular level. The RAS gene is a ubiquitous family of eukaryotic genes that have been identified in mammals, birds, molluscs, plants, fungi, and yeasts. Sequence analysis revealed that the RAS genes and their expressed products are highly conserved, which means they play an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. K-ras gene mutation is one of the most common gene mutations associated with colorectal cancer. This article focuses on mutations of the RAS gene family in human colorectal cancer.