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利用加性—显性与环境互作遗传模型,分析了7个苦瓜亲本及其21个F1代在春、秋两个栽培季节8个经济性状的数据,估算了各项遗传方差分量。结果表明,单株前期产量(单株前产)、单瓜质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果肉厚和果形指数等6个性状主要由加性效应控制,加性方差的比率分别为45.2%、70.7%、89.4%、38.1%、41.2%和22.0%,均达极显著水平;单株产量和单株结果数则以加性×环境效应占优势(加性×环境方差的比率分别为24.5%和38.1%)。除单株结果数外,其余性状的普通狭义遗传率和普通广义遗传率均达到极显著水平;单株结果数的互作狭义和互作广义遗传率最高,也达到了极显著水平。
Based on the genetic model of additive-dominance and environmental interaction, the data of eight economic traits of seven bitter melon parents and their 21 F1 progenies in spring and autumn were analyzed, and the genetic variance components were estimated. The results showed that six traits such as yield per plant, weight of single melon, length of fruit, diameter of fruit, thickness of flesh and fruit shape index were controlled by additive effect. The ratios of additive variance were 45.2%, 70.7%, 89.4%, 38.1%, 41.2% and 22.0%, respectively. The yield per plant and number of plants per plant were dominated by additive × environmental effects (additive × environmental variance respectively 24.5% and 38.1%). Except for the number of single plants, the common narrow heritability and general heritability of the remaining traits all reached the extremely significant level. The inter-working narrowing and inter-working generalized heritability of the number of single plants reached the highest level, reaching the extremely significant level.