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采用离心技术成功地制备了过共晶Al 1 6%Si合金梯度功能材料。采用金相及扫描电子显微镜、HV 5型小负荷维氏硬度计及销盘式ML 1 0 0型磨粒磨损试验机研究了该梯度功能材料的组织、硬度及耐磨性的分布规律。结果表明 ,由于Si的密度比Al液的密度稍低 ,在离心力场中初晶硅向试样内侧移动。Al 1 6%Si合金梯度功能材料的组织分布为 :最内层初晶硅含量最多、尺寸也最大 ,由内向外 ,初晶硅的体积分数及尺寸均逐渐减小 ,且呈梯度变化。在外层一定厚度内 ,完全不含初晶硅 ;硬度分布为内层硬度较高 ,由内向外硬度逐渐减小 ,呈梯度分布 ;耐磨性由内向外呈梯度下降趋势
The hypereutectic Al 1 6% Si alloy gradient functional material was successfully prepared by centrifugal technique. The distribution of microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the functional graded material was investigated by metallographic and scanning electron microscopy, HV 5 Vickers hardness tester and pin-type ML 100 abrasive wear tester. The results show that due to the density of Si is slightly lower than that of Al liquid, the primary silicon moves toward the inside of the sample in the centrifugal field. The microstructure distribution of Al 1 6% Si alloy functional graded material is that the content of primary silicon in the innermost layer is the largest and the size is also the largest. From the inside to the outside, the volume fraction and size of the primary Si gradually decrease and the gradient changes. In the outer layer of a certain thickness, completely without primary silicon; hardness distribution of the inner hardness is higher, gradually decreasing from the inside to outside the hardness, was gradient distribution; wear resistance from the inside to the outside was a gradient downward trend