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成语就是“现成话”,是人民群众长期以来习用的定型的词组或短句。一般不能随便拆开或变换说法。大多由四个字组成,即四字格,也有四字以外的,即非四字格。四个字组成的不等于都是成语,有的是词。成语大多数来源于历史故事、寓言故事、古典诗文及人民群众的口头语言。随着社会的发展,成语也在不断丰富。例如:忆苦思甜、一穷二白、力争上游等等。成语言简意赅,最形象、最精辟、最简洁,在句子中相当于一个词,但它发挥的作用,比一个词不知要大多少倍。学生牢固地掌握一定数量的成语,对语文阅读课的学习及写作均有十分重要的作用。我将小学语文1—10册统编课本中的成语作了辑录,个别浅显易懂的成语没有收集,而将少数实用的成语补充进去,初步整理出小学常见成语三百条。通过辑录,明确了小学一、二年级课本中的成语只有二十个左右,三年级六十个左右,四年级一百个左右,五年级一百二十个左右。这表明学习成语,真
Idioms are “ready-mades,” stereotyped phrases or phrases that the masses have long used for a long time. Generally can not be apart or change the argument. Mostly composed of four words, that is, four-character, there are four words, that is, non-four-character. Is not composed of four words are idioms, some words. Most of the idioms come from historical stories, fables, classical poetry and people's spoken language. With the development of society, idioms are also constantly enriched. For example: sweet memories, poor and white, strive for the upper reaches and so on. Into a concise language, the most image, the most brilliant, the most concise, in the sentence is equivalent to a word, but its role, than a word I do not know much times. The students have a firm grasp of a certain number of idioms and have a very important role in the study and writing of Chinese reading classes. I compiled a series of idioms compiled by primary schools in 1-10 volumes of Chinese textbooks. Some individual idioms were not collected, but a few practical idioms were added to them. Three hundred common primary idioms were sorted out. Through the compilation, it is clear that there are only about 20 idioms in the first and second grade primary school textbooks, about 60 in the third grade, about 100 in the fourth grade, and about 120 in the fifth grade. This shows that learning idioms, really