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模型基本单元空间尺度的确定是大尺度生态水文模型应用的前提,也是提高模型模拟精度的关键。该文以长江流域岷江上游的杂谷脑河上游流域为例,通过设置最小流域面积阈值,构建不同的水文响应单元划分方案,探讨生态水文模型WASSI-C响应单元的最佳空间响应尺度。结果表明:模型响应单元空间尺度的变化对模型精度有显著影响,模拟效果存在随响应单元划分面积阈值增加先提高再稳定的趋势,面积阈值小于85km2时,模型的模拟效果较好。此外,面积阈值小于85km2时,模型模拟的水、碳循环变量验证的拟合相关性系数和效率系数均趋于稳定,因此可以将模型水文响应单元流域划分的面积阈值确定为85km2。基于这一尺度的模拟与验证研究,分析了WASSI-C模型中关键变量设置对模拟结果的影响。
The determination of the basic unit spatial scale of the model is a prerequisite for the application of large-scale eco-hydrological models and also the key to improve the simulation accuracy of the model. Taking the upper reaches of the Zamu River in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in the Yangtze River Basin as an example, different thresholds of hydrological response units are set up by setting the threshold of the minimum drainage area, and the optimal spatial response scale of the WASSI-C response unit is discussed. The results show that the variation of model response unit spatial scale has a significant impact on the accuracy of the model, and the simulation effect has the tendency to increase and then stabilize with the increase of response unit demarcation area threshold. When the area threshold is less than 85km2, the model simulation effect is better. In addition, when the area threshold is less than 85km2, the fitting correlation coefficient and efficiency coefficient of the simulation model of water and carbon cycle variables tend to be stable, so the area threshold of model hydrological response unit watershed can be determined as 85km2. Based on this scale of simulation and validation studies, the impact of key variable settings in the WASSI-C model on simulation results is analyzed.