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目的了解2006-2014年湖南省戊型病毒肝炎(下简称“戊肝”)的流行特征和规律,为戊肝的防治提供参考依据。方法收集2006-2014年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的《传染病报告信息系统》报告的戊肝病例数据。利用Excel2003、Arc GIS(10.2)软件分析戊肝的发病情况,并通过时间、地区、年龄、性别和职业等因素描述性分析戊肝的分布和流行病学特征。结果 2006-2014年湖南省累计报告病例7 124例,年均发病率1.22/10万人,发病率呈上升趋势。男女性别比为2.95:1,各年龄段均有发病,以40~岁发病数最多(1 836例,占25.77%)。职业分布中,农民发病人数最多,发病3 858例,占54.15%。各市(州)均有发病,发病率最高的是怀化市,最低的是娄底市。结论 2006-2014年湖南省戊肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,重点发病人群主要是中老年农民,主要集中在湖南省北部和西部地区,应进一步加强戊肝的监测和综合防控工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and laws of hepatitis E virus in Hunan Province from 2006 to 2014, and to provide reference for prevention and control of hepatitis E. Methods The Hepatitis E cases data of Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System (EISIS) from 2006 to 2014 in China’s disease control and prevention information system were collected. The incidence of hepatitis E was analyzed by Excel GIS software ArcGIS (10.2) and the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E were analyzed descriptively by factors such as time, region, age, sex and occupation. Results A total of 7 124 cases were reported in Hunan Province from 2006 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 1.22 per 100 000 people. The incidence rate showed an upward trend. The sex ratio of men and women was 2.95: 1, with incidence of all age groups, with the highest incidence at 40 years (1836 cases, accounting for 25.77%). Occupation distribution, the largest number of farmers incidence, incidence of 3 858 cases, accounting for 54.15%. Cities (states) have morbidity, the highest incidence is Huaihua City, Loudi City is the lowest. Conclusions The prevalence of hepatitis E in Hunan Province is generally on the rise during 2006-2014. The main incidence is mainly middle-aged and peasant farmers, mainly in the northern and western areas of Hunan Province. The monitoring and integrated prevention and control of hepatitis E should be further strengthened.