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Toll样受体4（ TLR4）作为一种模式识别受体，是近年来肿瘤免疫学的研究热点之一，其在抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡调控上扮演着重要角色。 TLR4主要通过两个信号通路对肿瘤细胞凋亡进行调节，其一为TLR4通过MyD88蛋白调节核转录因子kappa B（ NF-κB）产生，促进肿瘤细胞增殖；其二为TLR4通过PI3K／Akt信号通路来抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡。现就近年来TLR4与肿瘤细胞凋亡相关性的研究进行综述。“,”Toll like receptor 4( TLR4) as a pattern recognition receptor, which is a research hotspot of tumor immunology in recent years. It plays an important role in inhibiting the regulation of tumor cells apoptosis. TLR4 is mainly through two signal pathway on the regulation of tumor cells apoptosis:the first way is that TLR4 through MyD88 protein regulates NF-kappa B to promote the prolif-eration of tumor cells;the other is that TLR4 inhibits tumor cells apoptosis through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the correlation between TLR4 and tumor cells apoptosis, which may provide new ideas on diagnosis and treatment of tumor cells apoptosis.