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[目的]调查本地区高危人群上消化道癌变患病情况.[方法]调查 2012 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月本市40～70岁高危人群 6000例,均行上消化道癌普查,分析本市高危人群上消化道癌变情况.[结果]6000 例普查对象,内镜检出食管黏膜正常 4632 例,异常 1368 例,异常率为 22.80%,食管癌前病变 391 例(6.52%),食管癌112 例(1.87%),其中早期癌 94例(1.57%);贲门及胃正常4689 例,异常 1311 例,异常率为21.85%.贲门与胃癌前病变共 176 例(2.93%),贲门及胃癌 25 例(0.42%),其中早期癌 17 例(0.28%).2012～2016 年,随年份的增加,癌前病变检出率、浸润癌检出率上升,以 2016 年度癌前病变、浸润癌检出率最高,分别为 10.73%、0.52%;男性癌前病变、早期癌及浸润癌所占比例均高于女性(P ＜0.05);随年龄的增加,上消化道癌前病变、上消化道早期癌及浸润癌检出率逐渐上升.[结论]本市高危人群上消化道癌前病变检出率较高,上消化道癌检出率较低,男性及高龄群体上消化道癌变检出率较高.“,”[Objective]To investigate the incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in high-risk population in this area.[Methods]From January 2012 to December 2016,6000 cases of high risk population aged 40 to 70 years old in our city were investigated.The cancer of upper digestive tract was surveyed and analyzed in order to analyze the carcinogenesis of upper digestive tract in high risk population in this city.[Results]Among the 6000 subjects, 4632 cases were normal esophageal mucosa,1368 cases were abnormal,the abnormal rate was 22.80%.391 cases (6.52%)of precancerous lesion,112 cases (1.87%)of esophageal carcinoma,94 cases (1.57%)of early carcino-ma,4689 cases of normal cardia and stomach,1311 cases of abnormal gastric cardia and stomach,the abnormal rate was 21.85%.There were 176 cases (2.93%)of cardiac and precancerous lesions,and 25 cases (0.42%)of cardia and gastric cancer.Among them,17 cases (0.28%)were early stage cancer.From 2012 to 2016,the detec-tion rate of precancerous lesion and invasive carcinoma increased with the increase of year.The detection rate of in-vasive carcinoma was the highest in 2016,10.73 % and 0.52%.The proportion of precancerous lesions,early stage cancer and invasive carcinoma in male was higher than that in female (P ＜0.05),and the detection rate of precancerous lesion of upper digestive tract,early cancer and invasive carcinoma of upper digestive tract gradually increased with age .[Conclusion]The detection rate of precancerous lesions of upper digestive tract is higher in high risk population in this city,and the detection rate of upper digestive tract cancer is lower in men and elderly people,and the detection rate of upper digestive tract carcinogenesis is higher in male and elderly population.