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上皮细胞转化为间质细胞的过程称为上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)。EMT参与调控胚胎发育、伤口愈合及干细胞分化等生命活动,是生命体中的重要生物过程。肿瘤细胞发生EMT会使自身侵袭性、抗凋亡能力及耐药性增强,有利于肿瘤细胞的局部浸润和远端转移,加快肿瘤发展进程,因此,抑制EMT发生可作为研发抗肿瘤药物的一个重要方向。EMT过程受肿瘤细胞微环境刺激因素、胞外介质及其受体、信号通路应答、转录因子以及miRNA等多因素的调控。本文针对这几个方面,总结并归纳了几类EMT抑制剂的研究及其在抗肿瘤治疗中的优缺点,并讨论了这些抑制剂作为抗肿瘤药物成功应用于临床治疗需要进一步解决的问题。
The process of transforming epithelial cells into stromal cells is called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT involved in the regulation of embryonic development, wound healing and stem cell differentiation and other life activities, is an important biological processes in the body of life. The occurrence of EMT in tumor cells will enhance their invasiveness, anti-apoptotic ability and drug resistance, promote the local invasion and distant metastasis of tumor cells, and accelerate the process of tumor development. Therefore, inhibiting the occurrence of EMT can be used as one of the development of anti-tumor drugs Important direction. EMT process by the tumor cell microenvironmental stimuli, extracellular matrix and its receptors, signaling pathways, transcription factors and miRNA and other factors regulation. Based on these aspects, this paper summarized and summarized several kinds of EMT inhibitors and their advantages and disadvantages in anti-tumor therapy, and discussed these inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs successfully applied in clinical treatment need to be further addressed.