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沟床冲刷深度是泥石流灾害防治工程设计最重要的参数之一,但到目前为止,关于黏性泥石流沟床冲刷的研究较少,沟床冲刷深度还没有权威可信的计算方法,是泥石流防治工程设计急需解决的技术问题。详细分析了黏性泥石流及可能冲刷沟床运动过程中受力情况,推导出黏性泥石流沟床最大冲刷深度计算公式。公式表明黏性泥石流沟床冲刷深度随泥石流泥深、泥石流重度和沟床纵比降及沟床堆积土体黏性的增大而增大,随沟床堆积土体内摩擦角的增大而减小。与现有计算方法相比,公式基于严格理论推导,计算结果更为精确,可用于计算已发生泥石流地区的不同频率的泥石流的冲刷深度,并举例说明了计算公式的实用价值,其结果为泥石流防治工程设计提供技术支撑。
The depth of gutter erosion is one of the most important parameters in the design of debris flow disaster prevention and control engineering. But so far, few studies have been done on viscous debris flow gutter scouring. There is no authoritative and credible calculation method for depth of gutter erosion. Engineering problems urgently need to solve the technical problems. In this paper, the viscous debris flow and the forces that may be scouring the ditches are analyzed in detail, and the formula for calculating the maximum scour depth of the viscous debris flow gully is derived. The formula shows that the erosion depth of viscous debris flow gully bed increases with the depth of mud flow, the heavy debris flow and the vertical ratio of ditch bed and the viscosity of soil accumulated in the ditch bed, decreases with the increase of friction angle small. Compared with the existing calculation methods, the formula is deduced based on rigorous theory and the calculation results are more accurate. It can be used to calculate the erosion depth of debris flow with different frequencies in the debris flow area where the debris flow occurred. The practical value of the calculation formula is illustrated. Control engineering design to provide technical support.