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背景:给予猫类呕吐动物不同的催吐剂,发现孤束核、外侧被盖到腹外侧区这一弓形区域有大量Fos阳性神经元表达。并认为最后区、孤束核到腹外侧网状结构这一弓型区域是主要催吐部位。非呕吐动物注射催吐剂后是否会有相应反应。目的:观察腹腔注射催吐剂顺氯氨铂大鼠脑和脊髓内呕吐相关区域的Fos阳性神经元分布。设计:以动物为观察对象,随机对照实验。单位:河北师范大学生命科学学院的神经生理研究室和河北医科大学基础医学研究所生理室。材料:实验于2003-03/08在河北师范大学生命科学学院神经生理研究室,河北医科大学基础研究院生理室完成。选择雄性SD大鼠12只,体质量220～250g,清洁级。随机分为实验组6只,对照组6只。干预:实验组腹腔注射催吐剂顺氯氨铂10mg/kg,对照组注射等剂量的生理盐水后,于室温、安静、避光环境下观察大鼠的行为学变化。6h后取大鼠脑组织,进行冷冻连续切片,用免疫组织化学染色方法观察大鼠脑干和前脑核团的Fos阳性神经元的分布,并进行阳性细胞记数。主要观察指标:①注射催吐剂后大鼠的行为学观察。②大鼠脑内相关区域Fos阳性细胞数。结果:12只大鼠均进入结果分析。①两组大鼠在注射后20min内均为安静状态,蜷缩着趴卧,几乎无任何活动表现。注射后60min,对照组大鼠恢复正常,进食或饮水;而实验组大鼠处于蜷缩的趴卧状态,偶尔抬头或摆头,呼吸频率快且不均匀。注射后2h,实验组动物仍然腹部紧贴笼底趴卧,低头,鼻尖不规则晃动。5h后,实验组动物开始站立活动,呼吸正常,但仍不摄食或饮水。②在脑干的孤束核、最后区、外侧臂旁核和下丘脑的室旁核、视上核、弓状核的Fos阳性神经元[(64.3±9.6),(83.4±15.0),(148.8±19.9),(80.2±11.8),(20.7±3.8),(86.6±10.8)]明显高于对照组[(56.2±6.3),(73.5±9.9),(136.9±17.8),(66.1±10.3),(17.3±3.4),(78.8±10.5)]。结论:催吐剂能使大鼠产生内脏不适,其中枢神经系统内可能存在着与呕吐动物相似的催吐区,但可能缺乏与呕吐相关的调节机制。催吐剂的刺激使大鼠脑内相关区域Fos阳性神经元数量增加,提示非呕吐动物大鼠脑内也存在类似与恶心相关的神经化学通路。
BACKGROUND: To evoke different emetic agents in cats, it was found that a large number of Fos-positive neurons were expressed in the arcuate region of the nucleus tractus solitarius, which is covered by the ventrolateral region. And that the last area, solitary tract nucleus to the ventral reticular structure of this bow-shaped area is the main emetic site. Non-vomit animals after injection of emetic whether there will be a corresponding response. OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of Fos-positive neurons in the vomiting-related area of brain and spinal cord of cisplatin-treated rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Design: Animals as observers, randomized controlled trials. Unit: Department of Neuroscience, Hebei Normal University, College of Life Science and Physiology Room, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University. MATERIALS: Experiments were performed at the Department of Neurophysiology, School of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University from March to August 2003, and Physiology Room, Basic Research Institute of Hebei Medical University. Twelve male SD rats were selected and their body weight was 220 ~ 250g. Randomly divided into experimental group 6, control group 6. Intervention: The experimental group was given intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 10mg / kg, and the control group was injected with the same dose of normal saline. The rats were observed behavioral changes at room temperature in a quiet and dark environment. Six hours later, the brain tissue of rats was taken out and frozen sectioned. The distribution of Fos positive neurons in the brainstem and forebrain nucleus was observed by immunohistochemical staining and the number of positive cells was counted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Behavior observation of rats after injecting emetic. ② The number of Fos positive cells in the brain related area of rats. Results: All 12 rats entered the result analysis. ① The rats in both groups were in a quiet state within 20min after injection, lying curled up with almost no activity. At 60 minutes after injection, the rats in the control group returned to normal, eating or drinking water; while the rats in the experimental group were lying curled up and occasionally looked up or swung their heads, breathing rapidly and unevenly. 2h after injection, the animals in the experimental group remained lying close to the bottom of the abdomen, with their heads bowed and the nose pointed irregularly. After 5h, the experimental animals started to stand and breathe normally, but they still did not eat or drink water. (2) Fos-positive neurons in supraoptic nucleus and arcuate nucleus [(64.3 ± 9.6), (83.4 ± 15.0), (83.4 ± 15.0), (56.2 ± 6.3), (73.5 ± 9.9), (136.9 ± 17.8), (66.1 ± 11.8), (20.7 ± 3.8) and (86.6 ± 10.8) 10.3), (17.3 ± 3.4), (78.8 ± 10.5)]. CONCLUSION: Emetic agents can cause visceral discomfort in rats. There may exist emetic regions similar to vomit animals in the central nervous system, but vomiting-related regulatory mechanisms may be absent. The stimulation of emetic stimulated the increase of the number of Fos positive neurons in the relevant brain regions of rats, which indicated that similar neurochemical pathways were also found in non-vomit animals.