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采用双层反应设备,通过碱酸分步催化法合成了一系列纯邻甲酚和以邻甲酚为主成分的邻甲酚系线形酚醛树脂。利用GPC、NMR等研究了催化剂氢氧化钠的用量、醛酚比以及酚的种类和用量对树脂的分子质量(Mw)、分子质量分布(Mw/Mn)及抗碱性等的影响。结果表明,氢氧化钠用量达到酚总质量的0.4%、醛酚比接近于1时可合成分子质量高、分子质量分布窄的树脂。可利用醛酚比控制树脂的分子质量,可通过调整酚的种类和用量控制树脂的双邻位缩聚值(Ro-o)以及酚醛树脂的质量与其所含酚羟基质量之比值。合成的树脂可用于PS版、热敏CTP版以及LCD用抗蚀剂等。
A series of pure o-cresol and o-cresol-based novolac phenolic resin with o-cresol as the main component were synthesized by a bilayer reaction equipment. The effects of sodium hydroxide dosage, phenolic ratio and the type and amount of phenol on the molecular weight (Mw), molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) and alkali resistance of the resin were investigated by GPC and NMR. The results showed that the dosage of sodium hydroxide reached 0.4% of the total mass of phenol and the ratio of phenol to phenol was close to 1, the molecular weight of the resin was high and the molecular weight distribution was narrow. Aldehyde to phenol ratio can be used to control the molecular weight of the resin. The polyether ortho polycondensation value (Ro-o) of the resin and the ratio of the mass of the phenolic resin to the mass of the phenolic hydroxyl group can be controlled by adjusting the type and amount of the phenol. Synthetic resin can be used for PS plate, thermal CTP plate and LCD resists.