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中药传统知识调查是第四次全国中药资源普查的重要内容,也是此次普查的主要创新点之一。基于我国丰富的中医药传统知识,以及已经开展的相关调查工作,结合中药传统知识调查为中药资源保护与可持续发展服务的思想,该文介绍了中药传统知识调查的关键技术方法和程序步骤。在调查准备阶段,应该注重中药传统知识的概念界定;在外业调查环节,应该有效找到传统知识持有方,并在事先知情同意的基础上,进行传统知识的记录;在内业整理阶段,应该尽量满足知识产权的要求,以期最终的调查结果能够为建设中医药传统知识数据库做本底。中药资源区划,信息关键人访谈,以及信息的标准化是关键的技术性方法,尤其是在区域一级进行有针对性的传统知识普查时,采用滚雪球法可以有效地寻找到特定调查区域的医药传统知识持有方。正确的技术方法不仅可以有效获取中药传统知识,并且对于实现《生物多样性公约》的惠益分享目标是必要的,也有助于我国传统知识的法律保护制度建设,推动中医药的非物质文化遗产保护。
Traditional Chinese medicine is the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources survey an important part of the census is also one of the major innovations. Based on our country’s rich traditional knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and relevant investigations that have been carried out, this paper introduces the key technical methods and procedural steps for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) traditional knowledge survey based on the traditional Chinese medicine knowledge survey for the protection of traditional Chinese medicine resources and the sustainable development of services. In the stage of investigation preparation, we should pay attention to the definition of the traditional Chinese medicine concept. During the field investigation, we should find the holders of traditional knowledge effectively and record the traditional knowledge on the basis of prior informed consent. During the period of interior finishing, Try to meet the requirements of intellectual property, so that the final findings can be the background for the construction of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge database. Medicinal resource zoning, key informant interviews, and standardization of information are key technical approaches, especially when carrying out targeted traditional knowledge censuses at the regional level, using the snowball method to effectively search for traditional medical knowledge in a particular area of survey Holder. The correct technical method not only can effectively acquire the traditional Chinese medicine knowledge, but also is necessary for realizing the benefit sharing target of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It also contributes to the legal protection system construction of our traditional knowledge and promotes the intangible cultural heritage of traditional Chinese medicine protection.