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对青岛地区 2年间病残儿鉴定中的 317例智低及脑瘫儿分产前、产时、产后三大因素分类病因分析。结果 :产前因素为三大因素首位。 187例占发病率的 5 8.99%。前前因素中又以不明原因的智低为主 ,共 10 6例占产前因素的 5 4.9%。产时因素以产伤造成脑瘫为主。产后因素以高烧惊厥造成的智低为多。结论 :(1)孕期造成胎儿不明原因的智低的原因以遗传特异质为主 ,而环境因素造成宫内脑损害不容忽视。 (2 )加强农村、基层的产科技术规范管理、减少产伤造成脑损伤非常重要。 (3)尽早发现产后感染性疾病 ,采取科学、有效的措施是降低婴儿脑损害致残的关键。
The etiological analysis of the preclinical, postpartum, and postpartum causes of 317 cases of mentally retarded and cerebral palsy children in the Qingdao region were identified during the two years. Results: Prenatal factors were the top three factors. 187 cases accounted for 58.99% of the incidence rate. Among the former factors, there were mainly unexplained intellects, of which 106 cases accounted for 5 4.9% of the prenatal factors. The factors of production time are mainly due to birth injury caused by cerebral palsy. Postpartum factors are mostly caused by high fever and convulsions. Conclusions: (1) The reason for the unclear reason of the unexplained fetus during pregnancy is genetic predominant, and the environmental factors that cause intrauterine brain damage cannot be ignored. (2) It is very important to strengthen the management of standardized obstetrics and technology at the rural and grassroots levels and to reduce brain damage caused by birth and injury. (3) Early detection of postpartum infectious diseases and the adoption of scientific and effective measures are the key to reducing the disability of infant brain damage.