矽肺是由于长期吸入游离二氧化硅粉尘而导致的以肺组织弥漫性纤维化为主的全身性疾病,是世界范围内最严重的职业病之一〔1〕。目前,全世界有数亿接尘工人面临矽肺发生的危险,据报道,美国有100多万矽尘接触工人,法国每年有300例矽肺新病例〔2〕;矽肺发病在发展中国家情况更为严 Silicosis is a systemic disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue caused by long-term inhalation of free silica dust and is one of the most serious occupational diseases in the world [1]. At present, there are hundreds of millions of dust-exposed workers in the world who are at risk of silicosis. It is reported that more than 1 million people in the United States have been exposed to silica dust in the United States, 300 new cases of silicosis occur in France each year [2], and silicosis is more common in developing countries strict