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从一九六○年以来,法国实行独立的国防政策,主要依靠本国的力量来增强防务能力,确保国家的安全。为适应这一独立的国防政策,法国国防部于一九六一年建立了军械总署(DMA后改为DGA)统管三军的武器研究、发展、制造以及出口事宜。法国的国防工业体制比较完整。这在西方国家中是少见的。国家通过军械总署控制整个国防工业,尤其在舰船和兵器工业中,国营企业占统治地位,因而大大地加强了国家在国防工业中的领导地位。法国的兵器工业在整个国防工业中占的比重不大。它渗入机械、汽车、化学工业之中。兵器工业在世界上名列第五,远远落后于苏、
Since 1960, France has implemented an independent national defense policy, relying mainly on its own strength to strengthen its defense capabilities and ensure the country’s security. In order to adapt to this independent national defense policy, the French Ministry of National Defense established the Ordnance General Administration (after the DMA was changed to DGA) in 1961 to administer weapons research, development, manufacture, and export affairs of the three armed forces. France’s defense industry system is relatively complete. This is rare in Western countries. The state controls the entire defense industry through the Ordnance General Administration. Especially in the ship and weapons industry, the state-owned enterprises dominate, which greatly strengthens the country’s leading position in the defense industry. The French weapons industry accounts for a small part of the entire defense industry. It penetrates into the machinery, automotive, and chemical industries. The weapons industry ranks fifth in the world, lagging far behind the Soviet Union,