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以往分析移民生存行为的学者,将研究的经验对象聚焦于列入政府计划的移民群体,将制度局限作为移民生存无法逾越的结构性障碍,却无意中搁置了那些没有政府支持,充分呈现行为自主性的自发移民群体。本文以“武陵山区山区自发移民”为个案,运用身份视角,对自发移民群体的搬迁动因、迁移方式、生计行为、社会关系建构等进行分析,认为山区自发移民的生存实践反映他们自身文化身份与户籍身份相互扭合的一种状态。移民在身份限定的制度空间中,采取的民间性行为方式,说明了个人行为对制度结构的回应,展现了移民制度与移民个人行为之间动态的互动关系。
In the past, scholars who analyzed the existent behavior of immigrants focused their research on the immigrant groups included in the government’s plan, and restricted the system as an insurmountable structural obstacle for the immigrants to survive. However, they inadvertently shelved those who did not have government support and fully demonstrated their autonomy Sexual spontaneous immigrant groups. Based on the case study of “spontaneous immigrants in mountainous areas of Wuling Mountain”, this paper analyzes the causes of relocation, migration patterns, livelihood behaviors and social relations of the spontaneous immigrant groups from the perspective of identity. It is concluded that the living practices of spontaneous immigrants in mountainous areas reflect their own culture Identity and household identity twisting a state of each other. The mode of civil sexual behavior taken by immigrants in the institutional space of limited status shows the response of individual behavior to the system structure and shows the dynamic interaction between the immigration system and the individual behavior of immigrants.