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目的 :了解曲马多是否有成瘾和滥用倾向。方法 :采用匿名问卷调查方式对乐清市公安局强制戒毒所 1 68名强制戒毒人员的曲马多使用情况和乐清市的曲马多销售情况作了调查。结果 :2 8人使用过曲马多 ,使用率为1 6.7%。其中口服 2 1人 ,肌注 9人 ,静注 1 0人。其使用动机 :2 7人为替代度冷丁或海洛因 ,2 2人是为解除稽延症状 ,9人是滥用者 ;2 8人中连续使用曲马多 3人 ,有时连续使用 1 6人 ,间断使用 4人 ;使用次数 :1 1～ 49次 1 1人 ,5 0～ 99次 2人 ,1 0 0次以上 1人 ;在 4.9± 1 .4次后出现耐药性 ,初用日剂量口服为 5 .0± 2 .8粒 ,最高为 9.1± 3 .6粒 ,注射为 2 .7± 1 .7支 ,最高为5 .3± 2 .4支 ;2 8人中有 9例停用后会出现戒断反应 ,2例有过急性中毒 ,1 1例为避免全身不适而强制自己继续使用 ,6例偏爱使用曲马多 ,半数人员还因此获得中度或强烈的欣快感。曲马多极大多数来自私人诊所或私人药店。结论 :曲马多有成瘾性 ,用此戒毒须慎重。
Objectives: To understand whether Tramadol is addictive and abusive. Methods: Anonymous questionnaires were used to investigate the use of tramadol in 168 compulsory drug abusers and the sale of tramadol in Yueqing City. Results: Tramadol was used by 28 people and the usage rate was 1 6.7%. Among them oral 21 people, intramuscular injection 9, intravenous injection 10 people. Their motivation to use was: 27 for the replacement of mecquirtrazin or heroin, 22 for the relief of delaying symptoms and 9 for abusers; 3 for tramadol, 2 for continuous use, sometimes 16 for intermittent use and 4 for intermittent use Person; use times: 1 ~ 49 times 1 1 people, 5 0 ~ 99 times 2 people, 1 0 0 times more than 1 person; after 4.9 ± 1 .4 times the emergence of drug resistance, the initial daily dose of oral 5 .0 ± 2 .8 grains, up to 9.1 ± 3.6, with an injection of 2.7 ± 1.7, a maximum of 5.3 ± 2.4; 9 out of 28 were discontinued Withdrawal response, 2 cases had acute poisoning, 11 cases forced to continue to use their own body to avoid discomfort, 6 patients preferred to use tramadol, half of the staff also received moderate or strong euphoria. The majority of tramadol comes from private clinics or private pharmacies. Conclusion: Tramadol is addictive and should be used with caution.