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由于近10年来DNA及抗体克隆技术的飞速发展,不少临床问题正逐步得到解决.在传染病领域中,某些疾病的诊断、治疗和预防措施可望有新的突破,其原因为某些具有特异功能的大分子藉克隆技术可以被合成或分离出来.克隆的含义为由相似的物质中将某种特殊成份分离并加以繁殖;而单克隆抗体(McAb)系将一株特殊B细胞由其它B细胞群中分离后提取其产生的特异抗体;基因克隆系指对微生物基因组中DNA的特殊序列的分离与繁殖.虽然上述两种克隆过程的最终产物不同,但两种克隆过程的原理相似.兹将克隆过程的一般步骤示于图1.
Due to the rapid development of DNA and antibody cloning technology in the past 10 years, many clinical problems are being solved step by step. In the field of infectious diseases, new breakthroughs are expected in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of certain diseases due to certain Macromolecules with specific functions can be synthesized or separated by cloning technology. Cloning means that a specific component is separated and multiplied by a similar substance. The monoclonal antibody (McAb) Other B cell populations are isolated and their specific antibodies are extracted. Gene cloning refers to the isolation and propagation of specific sequences of DNA in the microbial genome. Although the final products of the two cloning procedures are different, the two cloning procedures are similar in principle The general steps in the cloning process are shown in Figure 1.