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目的掌握迪庆藏族自治州水痘流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对迪庆藏族自治州疾病监测信息报告管理系统中2008—2013年水痘疫情信息进行分析。结果迪庆藏族自治州2008—2013年水痘年均报告发病2 306例,发病率为97.64/10万,各年度水痘报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.005);男性年均报告发病率为102.50/10万,女性年均报告发病率为92.23/10万,男女报告发病数之比为1.24:1,男性和女性水痘年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);8~19岁年龄组水痘报告发病数占70.38%;学生、农民、散居儿童报告水痘发病数分别占水痘报告发病总数的74.67%、10.19%、6.50%;1月及11、12月报告发病数占全年的45.49%,4—7月报告发病数占全年的34.95%。结论水痘的高发人群是学生,水痘的高发场所是学校,水痘的高发季节是冬季和春末夏初。应加强水痘疫苗接种工作;加强健康教育工作,提高人群相关疾病的防控意识及水平;加强学校传染病疫情监测、报告、处置工作。
Objective To grasp the epidemic characteristics of chicken pox in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of varicella in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System from 2008 to 2013. Results The annual incidence of chickenpox from 2008 to 2013 in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was 2 306, with an incidence rate of 97.64 / 100 000. The incidence of chickenpox in each year was significantly different (P <0.005). The average annual incidence rate of male was The incidence of chickenpox in both sexes was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of chickenpox in men and women was statistically significant (P <0.05). The average annual incidence of reported women was 92.23 / The incidence of chickenpox in the 19-year-old group was 70.38%. The incidence of chickenpox in the students, peasants and diaspora were 74.67%, 10.19% and 6.50% respectively of the total number of reported chickenpox. The numbers of reported cases in January and November and December were all 45.49% of the year, April-July reported incidence of 34.95% of the year. Conclusions The high incidence of chickenpox is a student. The highest incidence of chickenpox is in school. The highest incidence of chickenpox is in winter and early spring and early summer. Should strengthen the work of varicella vaccination; strengthen health education to raise awareness and level of prevention and control of population-related diseases; and strengthen the monitoring, reporting and disposal of epidemic situation of infectious diseases in schools.