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基于进入壁垒成因不同,本文将其细分为市场技术壁垒、企业行为壁垒和政府壁垒三类,将中国360个四位数制造业行业按照进入壁垒程度划分为高壁垒行业、中壁垒行业和低壁垒行业三个子样本,利用这些子样本实证研究了影响进入壁垒诸因素与净进入率及市场绩效之间的关系。本文的主要结论和发现是:高壁垒行业集中度与净进入率负相关,中低进入壁垒行业集中度与净进入率显著正相关;三个子样本中平均固定成本和广告密度均与净进入率负相关,表明沉没成本和广告投资会阻碍进入;高壁垒行业和低壁垒行业研发投资对净进入不存在显著影响,中等壁垒行业研发投资会阻碍潜在进入;产能利用水平对净进入的影响在三个样本下均不显著,说明产能过剩更可能是非策略性的;高壁垒行业较高的国企销售比不利于潜在进入,而中(低)壁垒行业国企销售比对进入有着显著(不显著)的正向效应。本文还就如何推动中国经济发展和产业结构调整提出了相应的政策建议。
Based on the different causes of entry barriers, this article divides them into three categories: market technology barriers, enterprise behavior barriers and government barriers. According to the entry barriers, China’s 360 four-digit manufacturing industries are divided into high barrier industry, medium barrier industry and low Barrier industry three sub-samples, the use of these sub-sample empirical study of the barriers to entry barriers and the net entry rate and the relationship between market performance. The main conclusions and findings of this paper are: the concentration of the high barrier industry is negatively correlated with the net entry rate, and the concentration of the middle and low entry barrier industries is positively correlated with the net entry rate; the average fixed cost and the advertising density of the three sub-samples are both related to the net entry rate Negative correlation, indicating that sunk costs and advertising investment will hinder entry; R & D investment in high-barrier industries and low-barrier industries have no significant impact on net entry, R & D investment in medium-barrier industries will hinder potential entry; the impact of capacity utilization on net entry is in three The results show that overcapacity is more likely to be non-strategic. Higher SOE sales in high-barrier industries are not conducive to potential entry, while SOE (lower) barriers in SOE sales have significant (not significant) Positive effect. This article also put forward corresponding policy recommendations on how to promote China’s economic development and industrial restructuring.