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磁学的最新进展已经导致强磁选机、高梯度磁选机和低温超导磁选机的成功发展,这些磁选机能够有效地处理范围很宽的、过去未曾解决的分选难题。例如,新的一代磁选机能够分选粒度很细的顺磁性弱磁物料;新的磁过滤技术成功地用于废水处理中除去亚微细粒。本文评述强磁选(主要作为选矿工艺用)的过去、现在和将来。在回顾磁选简史时,还涉及到磁选理论(正是这些理论引出了现代磁选机的轮廓和设计);并介绍几种不同类型磁选机及其主要特征和性能。此外,还将列举强磁选现在的和潜在的几种用途,其中包括矿石选矿、选煤、陶瓷和化学产品的净化等。本文还要讨论“高临界温度超导磁选机”诞生的可能性。
Recent advances in magnetism have led to the successful development of strong magnetic separators, high-gradient magnetic separators and low-temperature superconducting magnetic separators that are capable of efficiently handling a wide range of previously unresolved sorting challenges. For example, a new generation of magnetic separator separates very fine paramagnetic weak magnetic materials; the new magnetic filtration technology is successfully used in wastewater treatment to remove submicron particles. This article reviews the past, present and future of strong magnetic separation (used primarily as a beneficiation process). In reviewing the brief history of magnetic separation, there is also a discussion of magnetic separation theory (it is these theories that lead to the outline and design of modern magnetic separators); and introduce several different types of magnetic separators and their main characteristics and performances. In addition, several current and potential uses for ferromagnetics will be listed, including ore beneficiation, coal preparation, purification of ceramics and chemical products. This article also discusses the possibility of “the birth of a high-critical-temperature superconducting magnetic separator.”