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地球表面的地形在不断地發生变化,某些地方發生岩石的冲刷,另外一些地方則發生沉积物的堆积。在沉積岩之中,依据它們生成的条件,可以分成海相沉積岩和分布較小的陸相沉積岩,即湖泊、沼澤和河流的沉積物。此外,如上所述,沉積岩还可以根据成因分成四类。这就是:(a)碎屑沉積岩或陸屑沉債岩,由其他岩石的碎屑構成(其中包括大量的砂質沉積物、泥質沉積物和礫質沉積物);(6)生物沉積
The topography of the Earth’s surface is constantly changing, rock erosion takes place in some places, and sediments accumulate in others. Among the sedimentary rocks, depending on the conditions they produce, they can be divided into marine sedimentary rocks and less widely distributed terrigenous sediments, ie lakes, swamps and river sediments. In addition, as mentioned above, sedimentary rocks can also be divided into four categories according to their causes. These are: (a) clastic sedimentary or continental litter, consisting of debris from other rocks (including a large amount of sandy, muddy and gravel sediments); (6) biodeposition