成人呼吸窘迫综合征(Adult Respiratory distress Syndrome,ARDS)是在1971年,由Ashough和Petty等概括描述了这一类严重临床综合征,包括临床各科:内、外科,妇产科,儿科和传染科等多种原发疾病(严重外伤,体外循环后,休克,烧伤,严重感染等)的抢救或治疗过程中;均可发生急性进行性缺氧性呼吸衰竭和肺水肿。与肺部疾病所致低氧血症,心源性肺水肿和非心源性肺水肿鉴别是很重要的,也是一个较为复杂的问题。ARDS的发生率据美国心脏、肺,血液研究所(NHLBI)估计,美国 Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) was described in 1971 by Ashough and Petty et al. As a group of severe clinical syndromes, including all clinical departments: internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and infectious diseases Branch and other primary diseases (severe trauma, cardiopulmonary bypass, shock, burns, severe infections, etc.) during the rescue or treatment; can occur acute progressive hypoxic respiratory failure and pulmonary edema. Hypoxemia and pulmonary disease caused by cardiogenic pulmonary edema and non-cardiopulmonary edema identification is very important, but also a more complex issue. The incidence of ARDS According to the American Heart, Lung, Blood Institute (NHLBI) estimates that the United States