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目的：通过描述、分析在使用吉非替尼或厄罗替尼过程中出现听力减退的5例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床特征及听力损害表现，揭示两药与听力损害可能存在的关联。方法对5例服用吉非替尼或厄罗替尼后出现听力损害的患者进行听力学检查，描述分析其临床特征与听力损害特点。结果5例患者均出现听力减退，听力减退出现的中位时间为服药后3个月（3 d～6个月），患者均表现为双耳听力损害，以一侧为重，电测听结果：1 KHz处，范围由35~98 db。鼓室导抗图皆为A型。服用厄罗替尼出现听力减退的1例患者在治疗3d后即出现明显的双侧听力减退，停药并给予营养神经治疗后，听力逐渐恢复至接近正常。余4例服用吉非替尼患者，听力减退出现时间超过服药后2个月，且表现为不可逆性听力损害。结论厄罗替尼、吉非替尼两药可能存在耳毒性副作用。“,”Objective To reveal the possible relationships between hearing loss and two kind of targeted medicine: gefitinib and elotinib, by describing and analyzing the clinical characteristic and hearing loss of 5 advanced non-smal celllung cancer cases who take gefitinib or elotinib oral y. Methods Audiology tests were done on our patients after chief complaints of hearing loss. Their clinical characteristic and the distinguishing feature of hearing loss were described. Results Al of the 5 cases suf ered from hearing loss and accompanying symptoms. The median time of hearing loss happened was 3 months after administration (3days to 6 months). Sensorineural loss was found on both sides, one side was always more severe. The result of pure tone andiometry range from 35db to 98 db at 1 KHz . The tympanogram was normal in each ear. 1 case suf ered sudden hearing loss 3 days after he commenced elotinib. After drug discontinuance and nerve-nourishing treatment, his hearing almost recovered . Other 4 cases who accepted gefitinb got irreversible hearing loss about 2 months after the first administration. Conclusion Gefitinib and elotinib could have the side-ef ect of ototoxicity.