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本文从学界对“藩属”、“宗藩”的认识和使用,“藩属”的含义和使用,“宗藩”的含义和使用等三个方面,对古今“藩属”、“宗藩”二词的用法进行了综合考察。认为“藩属”一词形成于明清时期,是用于指称清朝和边疆民族乃至周边邻国的政治隶属关系,但这种关系早在汉代就已经形成,称为“藩臣”、“外臣”与“属国”。“宗藩”一词则早在《史记》中就已经出现,是用于指称皇室宗族或宗族成员分封于地方者。现代学者用“宗藩”一词指称中国古代王朝尤其是明清和邻国关系的做法并不科学,其“宗藩”的含义和用法不仅与古人对该词的用法明显不同,而且容易形成更多的误解,故而应该改用“藩属”才准确。
This article analyzes the meaning and usage of “vassal” and the meaning and use of “vassal” from the academic circles’ understanding and use of “vassal” and “vassal states” The usage of a comprehensive study. The term “vassal” was formed in the Ming and Qing dynasties to refer to the political subordination between the Qing Dynasty and the frontier ethnic groups and neighboring countries. However, this relationship was formed as early as the Han Dynasty and was called “the vassal” “And” belongs to the country. “ The term ”suzerain“ was originally found in Records of the Historians, and was used to denote that royal clan members or clan members were sequestered in local places. It is unscientific for modern scholars to use the term ”suzerain-vassal“ to point out that the ancient Chinese dynasties, especially the relations between Ming and Qing Dynasties, and their neighboring countries are not scientific. Its meaning and usage of ”suzerain vandals“ are not only different from the ancients’s usage of the word but also easy to form More misunderstanding, it should be replaced by ”vassal" was accurate.