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从养殖大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)患病鱼体中分离出一种寄生性纤毛虫,通过活体观察、碳酸银法染色和扫描电镜对其形态学进行特征分析。经鉴定,该纤毛虫为蟹栖异阿脑虫(Mesanophrys carciniGroliere&Leglise,1977),隶属于寡膜纲、盾纤目、嗜污科、异阿脑虫属。患病鱼常表现为静伏池底,体色变暗,活力弱,摄食差,生长减慢,并发生急、慢性死亡。最明显的特征是病灶部位变白,略有浮肿,触摸柔软。流行病学特征显示,在大菱鲆的苗期、养成期、亲鱼培育期均可发生纤毛虫感染,幼鱼期发生率较高,发病水温14~20℃,盐度12~40。组织病理学观察分析表明,病灶组织处以盾纤虫为主要入侵微生物,常伴有细菌存在,但没有发现病毒性细胞病变和霉菌等其他寄生生物。
A parasitic ciliate was isolated from diseased Scophthalmus maximus and its morphology was characterized by in vivo observation, silver carbonate staining and scanning electron microscopy. It has been identified that this ciliate is Mesanophrys carcini Groliere & Leglise (1977), belonging to the order of the oligocapsid, the sarcoptic sphingidae, the phytophagous and the different Aracea. Sick fish often show static volt bottom, body color darkening, weak vitality, poor feeding, slowed down, and the occurrence of acute and chronic death. The most obvious feature is the lesion site whitening, slightly edema, soft touch. Epidemiological characteristics showed that ciliates could be infected in turbot during seedling stage, developing stage and broodstock breeding stage, and the incidence of juvenile stage was high. The onset water temperature was 14-20 ℃ and salinity was 12-40. Histopathological observation and analysis showed that the shield tissues were mainly Invasive Michelia and often accompanied by bacteria, but no other viral or cytopathic effects were observed.