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二战后,日本土地改良事业共经历了3个主要阶段:以《土地改良法》为依据开始确立,进而从农业整备扩充到农村整备,最终到现代内容的多样化。整个发展过程中,土地改良目标由促进农业生产扩展到提高农村生活水平和建设生态环境。土地改良事业是受国家、都道府县和市町村三级行政管理,以土地改良区这一农民组织对设施进行维护和管理的一项以产业政策、国土政策和区域政策为目的的公共事业。日本土地改良事业的发展,对粮食供给、农业结构调整与经营主体培育、国民经济发展及农业的多功能性等方面均产生了积极的促进作用。日本的土地改良事业可为中国建设农田基础设施,提高农业生产力和促进规模化经营以及综合治理农村环境等提供有益的启示。
After World War II, Japan’s land improvement undertakings experienced a total of three major stages: the “Land Improvement Law” as the basis for the establishment of the beginning, and then expanded from agricultural preparations to rural areas, and finally to the diversification of modern content. Throughout the development process, the goal of land improvement is to promote the expansion of agricultural production to improve rural living standards and build an ecological environment. Land improvement is a public utility that is subject to industrial policies, local policies and regional policies that are managed and managed by farmers, organizations at the state, prefectures and cities, towns and villages. The development of land improvement in Japan has played a positive role in promoting the supply of grain, the restructuring of agriculture, the cultivation of management subjects, the development of national economy and the versatility of agriculture. Japan’s land improvement project can provide useful enlightenment for China’s construction of farmland infrastructure, improvement of agricultural productivity, promotion of large-scale operation, and comprehensive management of rural environment.