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利用具有完全可乘性的非参数Hi cks-Moorst een生产率指数,对中国铁路运输业在1 997-201 0年期间的全要素生产率进行测算和分解,并对区域铁路运输业生产率进行绝对收敛检验。研究发现,平稳快速的技术进步是样本期间内中国铁路运输业全要素生产率快速增长的主要原因,而投入产出混合效率的下降则是各时段某些地区综合效率下降的重要因素;全国及三大地区的铁路运输业生产率在统计上均存在着显著的绝对收敛。此外,还应用面板计量模型实证检验了结构变迁、资本深化和引致需求等诸多因素对于铁路运输业全要素生产率、技术进步以及效率变动的相关影响。研究发现,产业经济结构和铁路运输内部结构分别与铁路运输业生产率之间存在显著的正相关和负相关关系;资本深化程度则呈现出显著的负向影响;各种引致需求因素和铁路路网密度均呈现出显著的正向影响;国有铁路所占比例与公路设施等替代竞争因素则均呈现出不同程度的负相关影响。
Using the non-parametric Hi cks-Moorst een productivity index with complete multiplicativeness, the total factor productivity of China’s railway transportation industry during the period of 1997-2011 is estimated and decomposed, and the absolute convergence of the regional railway transport industry productivity is tested . The study found that the steady and rapid technological progress is the main reason for the rapid growth of total factor productivity of China’s railway transportation during the sample period, while the decline in the input-output mix efficiency is an important factor in the decline of the comprehensive efficiency in some regions over the sample period. There is a statistically significant absolute convergence in the railway transport productivity in the large regions. In addition, the panel measurement model is also used to empirically test the relative influence of many factors such as structural change, capital deepening and demand-induced on total factor productivity, technological progress and efficiency change in railway transportation industry. The study found that there is a significant positive and negative correlation between industrial economic structure and internal structure of railway transportation respectively and productivity of railway transportation; the extent of capital deepening shows a significant negative impact; various factors that lead to demand and railway network Density and density have shown a significant positive impact; the proportion of state-owned railways and alternative facilities such as road facilities are showing varying degrees of negative correlation.