食用菌是指能为人类食用(包括兼有医用价值)的一些大型真菌。这些菌类在现代生物分类学上属于真菌界中的真菌门,绝大部分食用菌属于担子菌亚门,极少数属于子囊菌亚门,它们的主要区别在于有性阶段孢子产生的方式不同,子囊菌的有性孢子着生在子囊内,常见的有羊肚菌、鹿花菌、竹黄、冬虫夏草等;担子菌的有性孢子着生在担子上,常见的有灵芝、银耳、猴头,以及牛肝菌、香菇等伞菌。 Edible fungi are some large fungi that can be consumed by humans (including both medical values). These fungi belong to the fungal community in the modern taxonomic fungi door, most of the edible fungi belonging to Basidiomycotina, very few belong to the Ascomycetes sub-Men, their main difference is that sexual stages of spores are produced in different ways, Ascomycetes sexual spores were born in the ascus, the common Morchella, deer bacteria, bamboo yellow, Cordyceps sinensis etc .; basidiomycete sexual spores were born in the burden, the common Ganoderma lucidum, white fungus, Hericium , And boletus, mushrooms and other toadstools.