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为明确黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)的遗传基础,采用SRAP(Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism,相关序列多态性扩增)分子标记检测70份黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)的遗传多样性。结果表明,SRAP引物可产生清晰条带,47对引物组合检测出1 144个等位变异,其中具有多态性314个,多态性条带比列为27.5%,每对引物平均检测出6.68个多态性等位变异。SRAP引物的多态信息含量(PIC)为0.144 5~0.686 3,平均值为0.471 7。黄淮麦区中,河南省小麦品种(系)的多样性指数最高(0.584),与其他各省遗传距离最近(0.145),基因交流最多。江苏省小麦品种(系)多样性指数最低(0.366),与其他各省遗传距离最远(0.250),基因交流最少。聚类分析表明,遗传相似系数为0.334~0.801,平均值为0.596。供试材料可分为3大类5个亚类,群体遗传结构分析与聚类结果基本一致,SRAP分子标记可用于小麦遗传多样性检测和群体结构的判断和划分,可高效揭示种质资源的遗传背景和亲缘关系。
To determine the genetic basis of wheat cultivars (lines) in Huanghuai wheat region, the genetic diversity of 70 wheat cultivars (lines) in Huanghuai wheat was detected by using SRAP (Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism) molecular markers . The results showed that SRAP primers could produce clear bands, of which 1 144 alleles were detected by 47 pairs of primers, of which 314 were polymorphic and 27.5% were polymorphic bands, with an average of 6.68 Polymorphism Allelic variation. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of SRAP primers ranged from 0.144 5 to 0.686 3 with an average value of 0.471 7. In Huanghuai wheat area, Henan province had the highest diversity index (0.584) and the closest genetic distance (0.145) to other provinces, with the highest gene exchange rate. Jiangsu Province had the lowest diversity index (0.366) for wheat cultivars (lines), the longest genetic distance (0.250) with other provinces, and the least gene exchange. Cluster analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.334 ~ 0.801, with an average value of 0.596. The test materials can be divided into three subgroups and five subgroups. The population genetic structure analysis is basically consistent with the clustering results. The SRAP molecular marker can be used for the detection and classification of the genetic diversity of wheat and population structure, which can effectively reveal germplasm resources Genetic background and kinship.