赞比亚:以村为单位废除童婚

来源 :联合国青年技术培训 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:huyanlongbad
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
  Agnes Lungu, 56, still regrets the day she and her husband married off their 15 year-old daughter to a man they chose, for a bride price to help solve the family's problems.
  “I did not know about the harmful consequences of child marriage, and I feel very guilty I did this. It’s a wrong practice and nobody should do it,” she says.
  In Kakwiya, Agnes’ village in Zambia’s Eastern Province, the practice of child marriage is as high as 60 percent, the highest in the country. Child marriage is illegal in Zambia, but the laws are often ignored by communities where marrying children and adolescent girls is a traditional practice.
  United Nations data shows that Zambia has one of the highest child marriage rates in the world with 42 percent of women aged 20-24 years married before the age of 18. The practice robs girls of both education and childhood, denying them rights to health services and opportunities, and leaves them vulnerable to physical, sexual and psychological abuse. Girls living in rural areas are at a higher risk of being married off at an early age, and those with no access to education are the most vulnerable.
  To help address the issue, a UNDP-led initiative is working with communities, through One-Stop Shops on Gender Based Violence (GBV), to raise the awareness of girls, parents, teachers, community leaders, the police and policymakers about the health and rights implications of child marriage. The initiative is a result of a partnership between the UN Joint Team on Gender Based Violence and the Government of Zambia, with financial support from the governments of Sweden and Ireland. The four-year USD$15 million project takes a multi-sector approach to raise awareness, engage villagers (including men) in gender issues, and address the multi-level issues of GBV.
  Rolled out in 2014, the village-led One-Stop Shops provide women reporting GBV with increased access to timely and appropriate health and counseling services; an efficient justice delivery system; protection and support services.
  Local communities, with UNDP support, have trained 1,200 men and women on community engagement, gender and human rights issues and methods for working with men to combat GBV. Those trained then transfer their skills and knowledge to village groups - each with up to 40 members.
  Agnes is the leader of her rural female group, Women for Change, and was trained as a paralegal. Through guidance and knowledge acquired from workshops, she dissolved her daughter’s marriage and brought her back to school.   Provided with bicycles, mobile phones and paralegal training, Agnes and her colleagues have set up neighborhood watch committees, paralegal and counselling services, and a referral system for GBV cases. They are now the driving force behind a campaign to prevent child marriage, which has been a long-standing tradition in their community.
  Fanny Lungu, a paralegal, says that she already sees a significant reduction in child marriages since the establishment of the Misolo Community One-Stop Shop. “We talk to families about different ways their girls can contribute to their livelihoods, so that marriage is not seen as the only option,” she says.
  The community advocates also create forums for men and women to discuss other issues that contribute to GBV, such as alcoholism, gambling, domestic violence and polygamy, and help men in the community work towards non-violent and more equal relationships with women and girls.
  So far, the initiative has prevented 20 child marriages and stopped dowry practices in a number of communities. According to Amon Mashewa, Secretary of the Misolo Community GBV One-Stop Shop, reported GBV cases have dropped substantially from 50 to 10-20 cases per month.
  For Agnes, the programme has had an immediate impact. “I am glad my daughter is back in school. I want her to complete school and have a better life,” says a beaming Agnes.
  根据联合国数据,赞比亚是世界上童婚比率最高的国家之一,42%的20-24岁赞比亚妇女在18岁以前出嫁。童婚不仅剥夺了女孩的教育权,还夺走了她们的童年,使她们无法享受健康服务,容易成为性迫害、身心折磨的受害者。由联合国开发署牵头,与当地社区合作,成立了一站式反对性别暴力工作站,以提高女孩、她们的父母、社区领袖、警察和政策制定者对童婚对健康和权益危害的认识。迄今该项目已经在一些社区成功阻止了20起童婚和索取嫁妆的行为发生。
  [http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/ourstories/stemming-child-marriages-in-zambia-one-village-at-a-time/]
其他文献
Although they may not know what to call it, family and youth workers often experience "secondary trauma" when they work with clients who come from traumatic environments. Secondary trauma can manifest
期刊
以禁烟为例,在美国甚至全球,吸烟都是一个主要的但可以避免的导致死亡的因素。仅仅在犹他州,吸烟每年会使1,200人丧生,并导致纳税人8,100万的损失。2009年的一项调查显示,在过去的30年中,8.5%的高中同学(9-12岁)都抽烟。为遏制此趋势,自2000年起,犹他州法律每年拨款400万用于烟草治理协定并为烟草控制计划分配一部分税收收入。  但是,2009年的犹他州立法包含了一个“家庭比尔444
期刊
没有人会否认社交媒体在蓬勃发展,其用户量在以史无前例的速度增长。而这种浪潮在近期不会减退,如果利用得当,社交媒体对青年人大有裨益。  青年和社交媒体  可以从政府和市场调查公司的数据中看出,社交媒体的大多用户是青年人。皮尤研究中心2013年的调查显示,在美国12-17岁的年轻人中,95%都会用网络,80%的青年人会用多个社交平台。脸书吸引了77%的网上青年。同样,2010年中国互联网络信息中心调查
期刊
功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal diseases,FGIDs)是指存在消化道症状,但无法用器质性病变或生化异常来解释的消化道功能性疾病,其发病机制复杂,目前尚不十分清楚[1]。其症状的产生与多种生理、病理生理改变有关:如胃肠动力异常、内脏敏感性增高、脑→肠轴调节障碍、炎症、社会心理因素和应激等。FGID发病率高,占消化专科门诊的1/3以上,在消化领域越来越受到
期刊
South Sudan renews its commitment to fight HIV/AIDS. This action is welcomed by Deputy Executive Director of UNAIDS Programme, Luiz Loures.  In 2012, an estimated 150,000 people were living with HIV i
期刊
【摘要】目前,癌症病因学仍未十分明了,除了生物学因素外,心理社会因素在癌症发生中起到一定的作用,更为重要的是,癌症病人的不良心理反应和应对方式对其病情的发展和生存期有严重影响。病人一旦得知自已患有癌症,紧张、恐惧、抑郁、焦虑等不良情绪也随之而至。因此,单纯用生物医学模式来护理癌症病人是不够的。为此,我们对癌症患者在接受化疗以前进行了心理护理,调查心理护理对化疗前的癌症病人所产生的各方面的影响,以促
期刊
家庭教育是一切教育的基础,家庭教育的好坏,直接影响着孩子能否健康成长,人格发展是否健全。我们在教育工作中发现,很多学生的行为问题、道德问题其实源于心理问题,而学生的心理问题很大部分又来源于家庭的不恰当的教育方式。据我校对家长进行的家庭教育问卷调查统计,虽然大部分家长认为自己对孩子成长中的问题教育比较有效,但在某些方面有不少家长存在误区与困惑,亲子矛盾也比较突出,不少家长感觉孩子越来越不服父母管教、
期刊
【摘要】目的:探讨脑溢血病人院前急救的重要性和可行性。方法:通过对40例脑溢血病人回顾性分析,对比院前急救送入院的病人和未经院前抢救入院的病人的恶化率和死亡率。结果:前者的恶化率及死亡率低于后者。结论:对脑溢血病人进行院前急救有重要意义也有实际可行性。  【关键词】院前急救;脑溢血    1资料来源和分析方法    笔者从2008年5月至2008年8月内共收集本科收住的经CT确诊符合脑溢血诊断标准
期刊
高血压病是最常见的心血管疾病之一,也是导致人类死亡的常见疾病如脑卒中、冠心病、心力衰竭等重要危险因素。2002年我国18岁及以上居民患病率为18.8%,估计全国患者达1.6亿之多。我国人群血压水平从110/75mmHg开始,随血压升高心血管事件危险持续增加,血压>180/110mmHg时,心血管事件危险增加10倍。而降压治疗可减少病人35~40%的脑卒中事件;20~25%的心肌梗死;超过50%的心
期刊
麻醉与手术能否顺利进行,除了医务人员的技术水平和认真负责的工作精神外,患者的配合也是十分重要,可从以下几个方面进行配合:  要树立信心,相信医生,全身放松,消除紧张情绪。手术前难免存在种种思想顾虑,恐惧、紧张和焦急心情。情绪激动和失眠均可导致中枢神经系统和交感术后的并发症。过度、持久焦虑会造成心理障碍,导致机体整体功能调节减弱,这样会造成危险和灾祸,缓减术前焦虑与害怕的情绪是至关重要的。过份紧张,
期刊