许昌市魏都区3岁以下儿童家长手足口病认知及健康教育需求调查

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目的了解儿童家长对手足口病的的认知情况及健康教育需求,为采取针对性地预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法在接种门诊选取调查对象,采用统一设计的调查问卷,由经过培训的调查员对抽取的调查对象进行一对一的面对面访谈。用EpiData3.1建立数据库,用SPSS17.0进行分析处理,对调查资料进行描述性分析和单因素分析。结果 3岁以下散居儿童家长手足口病的总知晓率为78.29%;基础知识、传播途径、预防措施知晓率分别为72.27%、77.35%、83.28%。祖父母的知晓率高于父母;文化程度高的儿童家长知晓率高;各个职业之间知晓率差异有统计学意义;常住人口知晓率高于流动人口;城区知晓率高于郊区;有手足口病患病史的儿童其家长的知晓率高;儿童家长手足口病知识的主要来源是电视(61.00%),其次依次为朋友同事(51.40%)、医院或社区讲座(50.80%);儿童家长最期望获取手足口病知识前3位途径依次是医院和社区讲座(51.26%)、电视(50.94%)、微信短信(46.23%)。结论儿童家长对手足口病防治知识有所了解,但知识掌握的不够全面,应加强手足口病防治知识的普及工作。重点加强对流动人口、城乡结合部地区人群的手足口病等传染病的宣教工作,针对不同人群侧重不同的宣传方式。 Objective To understand the cognition and health education needs of parents of hand-foot-mouth disease in children and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods In the outpatient clinic, the surveyed subjects were selected and the questionnaires with uniform design were used. One-on-one face-to-face interviews were conducted among the surveyed subjects by the trained investigators. With EpiData3.1 to establish a database, with SPSS17.0 analysis and processing, the descriptive analysis of the survey data and univariate analysis. Results The total awareness rate of hand-foot-mouth disease among parents of children under 3 years of age was 78.29%. The awareness rate of basic knowledge, route of transmission and precautionary measures were 72.27%, 77.35% and 83.28% respectively. The awareness rate of grandparents is higher than that of parents; the awareness rate of parents of children with high education level is high; the awareness rate among different occupations is statistically significant; the awareness rate of resident population is higher than that of floating population; the awareness rate of urban areas is higher than that of suburbs; The prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease among parents was high (61.00%), followed by friends (51.40%), hospital or community lectures (50.80%), and parents expecting the most The first three ways to gain knowledge of hand, foot and mouth disease were hospital and community lectures (51.26%), television (50.94%) and WeChat (46.23%). Conclusion The knowledge of prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease in children and adolescents is well understood, but the knowledge is not comprehensive enough. The popularization of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and treatment should be strengthened. Focus on strengthening the mission of infectious diseases such as hand-foot-mouth disease among migrants, urban-rural areas, and different types of publicity.
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