论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨经皮冠状动脉(冠脉)介入治疗(PCI)对冠心病患者心电图缺血性J波的影响及临床意义,为临床提供无创检查指标起到预警作用.方法 选择经皮冠状动脉造影确诊并行PCI治疗的冠心病患者(冠心病组)162例,其中不稳定性心绞痛(心绞痛组)108例,急性心肌梗死(心梗组)54例.记录PCI术前、术后24h内的12导联体表心电图,分别测量各导联J波的振幅和时限,分析PCI术前、术后J波的发生率及参数变化.根据狭窄的冠脉分为2个冠脉狭窄组(前降支狭窄组和右冠脉或回旋支狭窄组),观察体表12导联心电图J波的形态比较及发生率.结果 (1)PCI 术前、术后J波发生率最高为Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联,冠心病组发生率分别为33.95%、22.84%、26.54%和30.86%、19.75%、23.46%,心绞痛组发生率分别为37.04%、27.78%、31.48%和35.19%、25.00%、27.78%;而心梗组PCI术前为V5、Ⅱ、aVF、Ⅲ、V3导联J波发生率较高,术后J波发生率为V5、Ⅱ、aVF、aVL、Ⅲ导联J波发生率较高(分别为33.33%、27.78%、16.67%、12.96%、11.11%和22.22%、22.22%、14.81%、12.96%、9.26%).(2)前降支狭窄组PCI术前J波在V5、V6导联为25.78%,右冠脉或回旋支狭窄组PCI术前J波在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联为35.37%;术后两组均在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF组发生率最高,分别为21.09%和35.37%.(3)全部冠心病组在PCI术前的J波以振幅0.08 mV和时限0.02s的例数最多,PCI术后J波振幅为0.02 mV和时限0.02s例数最多.(4)全部冠心病组PCI术前J波振幅和时限在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V3、V4导联上均大于PCI术后,差异有统计学意义[中位数(四分位数间距P25,P75)为:Ⅱ导联振幅0.05(0.05,0.10) mV比0.02(0.02,0.05) mY,P=0.00,时限0.03(0.02,0.04)s比0.02(0.02,0.03)s,P=0.00;Ⅲ导联振幅0.05(0.05,0.10) mV比0.02(0.02,0.05) mV,P=0.00,时限0.02(0.02,0.03)s比0.02(0.01,0.02)s,P=0.00;aVF导联振幅0.05(0.05,0.10)mV比0.02(0.00,0.08)mV,P=0.00,时限0.02(0.02,0.03)s比0.02(0.00,0.02)s,P=0.00;V3导联振幅0.05(0.05,0.16)mV比0.05(0.00,0.05)mV,P=0.03,时限0.02(0.02,0.04)s比0.02(0.00,0.02)s,P=0.01;V4导联振幅0.06(0.04,0.12)mV比0.01 (0.00,0.07) mV,P=0.01,时限0.04(0.04,0.05)s比0.01(0.00,0.02)s,P=0.00].结论 冠心病组和心绞痛组PCI术前、术后J波在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联的发生率最高,而心梗组在V5、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联较高;前降支狭窄与右冠脉或回旋支狭窄组J波分别在V5、V6与Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF导联的发生率最高;PCI术后,J波振幅和时限均降低,说明PCI对冠心病缺血性J波有相对较好的影响.