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基于台风“海鸥”、“凤凰”、“蔷薇”和“莫拉克”的近地面风场和台风“凡亚比”、“鲇鱼”和“狮子山”的超高空风场实测资料,进行了近地面和超高空台风风场不同平均时距(3 s、1 min、10 min和60 min)台风湍流特性的对比分析,研究了边界层台风风场的湍流特性及其与平均时距的关系。研究表明:台风风场的平均风速、风向角随平均时距的增加逐渐趋于平稳;1min和3s平均时距风参数能较好地反映平均风速、风向角、湍流度和阵风因子尤其是风速较大时的脉动性和变化规律;近地面与超高空台风风场的不同时距平均风速的离散性和平均最大风速之间的比例相差较大;随着平均风速的增大,近地面与超高空台风风场不同时距湍流度和阵风因子的变化规律与离散性相差较大;日本风荷载规范(AIJRLB-2004)公式基本适用于我国沿海超高空台风风场顺风向湍流度的估计;当平均时距小于10 min时,随着平均时距的减小,近地面和超高空台风风场的顺风向湍流度均比横风向减小得快;超高空台风风场的3 s时距顺风向湍流度均值略小于横风向,近地面台风风场的3s时距顺风向湍流度均值大幅小于横风向。
The near-surface wind fields and typhoons based on the typhoon “Seagull ”, “Phoenix ”, “Rose ” and “Morak (3 s, 1 min, 10 min and 60 min) of typhoon wind field at near-surface and ultra-high altitude were studied by using the measured data of the ultra-high altitude wind field in the ”Lion Rock" Turbulent Characteristics of Typhoon Wind Farm and Its Relationship with Mean Time. The results show that the average wind speed and wind direction angle of typhoon wind farm gradually become steady with the increase of average time span. The average wind speed parameters of 1 and 3 seconds can reflect the average wind speed, wind direction angle, turbulence degree and gust factor especially wind speed The fluctuation of average wind speed and the average maximum wind speed at different time intervals of near-surface and ultra-high-altitude typhoon wind fields are quite different. With the increase of average wind speed, the near-surface and The variation law of turbulence degree and gust factor at different time intervals in the typhoon wind field is quite different from the discreteness. The formula of Japan Wind Load Specification (AIJRLB-2004) is basically suitable for the estimation of the windward turbulence degree in the typhoon wind field in China’s coastal areas. When the average time distance is less than 10 min, the downwind turbulence of the near-surface and ultra-high-altitude typhoon wind fields decreases faster than the cross wind direction with the decrease of the average time span; Mean mean windward turbulence is slightly less than that of the crosswind, and mean windward turbulence mean of the 3s windward time of the near-surface typhoon wind far less than that of the crosswind.