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当前海洋地震勘探中拖缆数据的鬼波压制都是建立在海面水平的假设之上的,但是实际海况对鬼波模型的改造作用明显,海面的反射系数并不等于-1,使用海面水平的假设会降低鬼波压制的精度。本文提出了在考虑海面粗糙的情况下的鬼波压制方法,改进的鬼波压制方法是利用高斯统计公式计算粗糙海面的反射系数,然后在τ-p域建立鬼波模型求取最优化鬼波压制算子,对海上常规拖缆地震数据进行鬼波压制。通过模型数据和实际地震数据对本文所使用方法进行验证;改进的鬼波压制方法不需要假设海面是水平的,更接近实际情况;利用最优化的鬼波压制算子能够有效的压制海洋常规水平拖缆的鬼波,拓宽数据的频带有效补偿地震数据的低频损失,提高数据的信噪比和分辨率。
At present, the ghost suppression of streamer data in marine seismic exploration is based on the assumption of sea level. However, the actual sea state has a significant effect on the remodeling of the ghost wave model. The sea surface reflection coefficient is not equal to -1, and the sea level Assumptions reduce the accuracy of ghost suppression. In this paper, we propose a ghost suppression method considering rough sea surface. The improved ghost suppression method uses the Gaussian statistical formula to calculate the reflection coefficient of the rough sea surface, and then establishes the ghost wave model in τ-p domain to obtain the optimized ghost wave Suppressing operators, ghost suppression of conventional streamer seismic data at sea. The method used in this paper is validated by the model data and the actual seismic data. The improved ghost suppression method does not need to assume that the sea surface is horizontal and closer to the actual situation. Using the optimized ghost suppression operator can effectively suppress the conventional ocean level The ghost waves of streamers can broaden the bandwidth of the data to effectively compensate the low frequency loss of the seismic data and improve the signal to noise ratio and resolution of the data.